Carbon emission by c的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列包括價格和評價等資訊懶人包

Emerging Nanomaterials for Advanced Technologies

為了解決Carbon emission by c的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Dr. Anand Krishnan, PrChemSA, MRSC, has expertise in organic chemistry/medical biochemistry/ integrative medicine/nano(bio)technology/drug discovery. He received his doctoral degree in organic chemistry in the Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, in collaboration with the Depart

ment of Medical Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, in 2014. He completed his master’s degree in organic chemistry from Bharathiar University, India, and bachelor’s degree in chemistry from Madurai Kamaraj University, India. He was Postdoctoral Researcher at Durban University of Technology, S

outh Africa, from November 2014 to November 2016. Later, He worked as a Senior Researcher at Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa from January 2017 to June 2019. Recently, he r

eceived prestigious Innovation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from the Department of Science and Innovation (DSI) and the National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa and conducting research at the Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National H

ealth Laboratory Service (NHLS), University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. He has published many scientific articles in international peer-reviewed journals and has authored many chapters as well as review articles. He was recognized for his contributions and received awards from nat

ional and international organizations. He has been awarded Best Postdoctoral Researcher Award for 2016 and 2017 from Durban University of Technology and Young Scientist Researcher Award 2016 from Pearl Foundation.He was evaluated by the National Research Foundation and was awarded a Y1 rating which

is given to promising young researchers. He is Member of various editorial boards of the journals of the international reputation. His research interests include organic chemistry, heterocyclic chemistry, medicinal biochemistry, drug discovery and delivery, extracellular vesicles, nanotoxicology, cl

inical biochemistry and chemical pathology.Dr. B. Ravindran, Ph.D is an Assistant Professor in Department of Environmental Energy & Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea. He obtained his doctorate from the Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Indust

rial Research (CSIR) Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), which is an affiliated with the University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. His primary research focuses on the development and evaluation of treatment technologies for solid waste and wastewater from domestic and industrial outlets throug

h aerobic and anaerobic fermentatione; Composting/vermicomposting of fermented metabolites / solid waste/ nanotechnology applications and phytotoxic/plant growth studies. He has also developed an improved process technology for the fast production of nutrient-rich vermicompost from different waste s

ources using the different type of earthworms. He also collaborates and developed a process for the separation of enzymes from the aqueous phase using surface modified mesoporous activated carbon. Besides, he filed patents based on the above novel process. His current research focus on the ＂Biochar/

Black carbon amendment and the strategies for carbon sequestration; nitrogen conservation; reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from compost and vermicompost production systems while degrading the different waste and animal manures. He has more than 100 publications in international peer reviewed

journals., edited books and published a notable book chapters and three patents to his credit. He has received national and international funds for his research project. He is serving as Guest Editor in several international journals and act as a potential reviewer in top international journals, an

d received ＂Outstanding reviewer award＂ from Elsevier and Springer Journals. He has also received prestigious ＂Best Researcher- IBET 2017＂ award (in waste management research) for Exceptional Performance and Contributions to ’International Bioenergy technology/eco-protection/organic food/green busin

esses given by the International Centre for Biogas & Bioenergy Technology, India.Dr. B. Balamuralikrishnan, Ph.D. is an Assistant Professor in Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea. His area of research focuses multidisciplinary in biological science on

Molecular Genetics, Food Microbiology, Animal Science, Nutrition Science and Food Biotechnology, especially Food Resources and Microbiological Science. His interests include synthesis of nanomaterials/bioactive compounds from natural-by products and their applications nutraceutical; isolation, and c

haracterization of probiotic for food/feed supplementation and biological field; interested in Nutrition in Aquaculture. To, his credit, he has participated in various International/symposia/conferences in USA, Canada, Japan, Austria, Italy, Czech Republic, Thailand, South Korea and has published mo

re than seventy-five research papers in international journal of repute. He has been serving as Guest Editor in Animals [MDPI] and act as potential reviewer in many high reputed journals. He has been acted Life Member in various scientific societies such as The Korean Society of Food Science and Tec

hnology, Poultry Science Association, Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology, Animal Nutrition Society of India (ANSI). Dr. B. Balamuralikrishnan, worked as post-doctoral researcher in Department of Animal Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea.Hendrik C Swart is an international

ly acclaimed researchers and currently a senior professor in the Department of Physics at the University of the Free State. He brought luminescence materials to South Africa in the beginning of 1996 after a highly productive sabbatical spend in the lab of Paul Holloway, Florida University, Gainesvil

le. This laid the foundation for his subsequent research at the UFS and was one of the most exhilarating times of his academic career. Since than he has led research in the area of the degradation of phosphors for field emission displays, as well as developing materials for nano solid-state lighting

. He has been key in the development of processes to synthesise and deposit thin films of various types of semiconductor nano-particles, which will enhance the colour, luminescent intensity and lifetime of such displays. His research led to the establishment of a strong group working on luminescent

materials and also to the establishment of several smaller groups all over South Africa. He has more than 690 publications in international peer reviewed journals, 112 peer reviewed conference proceedings and editor/author or co-editor/author of 25 book chapters and or books with more than 12360 cit

ed author references, H-index of 47, i10 index of 372 on google scholar (40 and 308 since 2015) and more than 660 national and international conference contributions (authored and co-authored). He has an ISI H-and scopus index of 41 (rid=g-2696-2012) and 42, respectively. He is a reviewer for more t

han 100 international and national professional journals in his field (or in related fields), and a member of the editorial board of the high impact factor journal ’Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences＂ (IF-8.344). He is on the editorial board of Applied Surface Science (IF- 6.182)

. He has received the South African National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF) award in 2009 for research capacity development of students in the niche area of nanophysics. His commitment to the next generation of scientists is also reflected by the awards he received from the Faculty of Natural a

nd Agricultural Sciences at the University of the Free State, South Africa for excellence (deans medal) (2012), research (2014), mentorship (2008), for academic entrepreneurship (2009), best researcher (2018). He received honorary membership of the Golden Key Association (2012). The Radio Rosestad,

a local radio station, award for outstanding research and post graduate teaching in 2017. He was chair of national and international conferences. He has supervised more than 80 PhD and MSc students successfully in the past with another 20 in progress and has established a National Nano Surface Chara

cterization Facility (NNSCF) containing state of the art surface characterization equipment. A research chair in Solid State Luminescent and Advanced Materials was awarded to him from the South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) at the end of 2012 which was renewed for another 5 years at th

e end of 2017. The main focus of his research group is the improvement of luminescent materials for applications in flat panel displays, solar cells, solid state lighting, dosimetry, and thermometry.Dr. Sarojini Jeeva Panchu, Ph.D. is a Post-doctoral Researcher in Department of Physics, University o

f the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. She has expertise in functional nanomaterials for energy and biomedical applications. She received her doctoral degree in Physics in the Discipline of Physics, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. She has worked as

a research assistant in central electrochemical research institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, India from 2012- 2016. She received national research foundation (NRF) fellowship in South Africa for doctoral research at Discipline of physics, School of chemistry and physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal,

Durban, South Africa. She has published scientific articles in international peer-reviewed journals and membership in energy science society of India (ESSI). Her research interest includes nanomaterials synthesis by using hydrothermal, solvothermal, physical vapour deposition and chemical vapour dep

osition methods, solar cells, electrochemistry, fabrication of energy storage energy conversion and sensor devices systems for multianalyte analysis.Ram Prasad, Ph.D. is associated with Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India. His research interest includes ap

plied & environmental microbiology, plant-microbe-interactions, sustainable agriculture and nanobiotechnology. Dr. Prasad has more than one hundred seventy-five publications to his credit, including research papers, review articles & book chapters and five patents issued or pending, and edited or au

thored several books. Dr. Prasad has twelve years of teaching experience and has been awarded the Young Scientist Award & Prof. J.S. Datta Munshi Gold Medal by the International Society for Ecological Communications; FSAB fellowship by the Society for Applied Biotechnology; the American Cancer Socie

ty UICC International Fellowship for Beginning Investigators, USA; Outstanding Scientist Award in the field of Microbiology by Venus International Foundation; BRICPL Science Investigator Award and Research Excellence Award etc. He has been serving as editorial board members: Frontiers in Microbiolog

y, Frontiers in Nutrition, Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, Phyton- International Journal of Experimental Botany; Academia Journal of Biotechnology, Journal of Renewable Materials, Biocell including Series editor of Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences, Springer Nature, USA. Previousl

y, Dr. Prasad served as Assistant Professor Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India, Visiting Assistant Professor, Whiting School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States and Research Associate Professor at School of Environmental Scien

ce and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Carbon emission by c進入發燒排行的影片

異質元素摻雜還原氧化石墨烯電極於儲能裝置之應用研究

為了解決Carbon emission by c的問題，作者古安銘 這樣論述：

儲能技術超級電容器的出現為儲能行業的發展提供了巨大的潛力和顯著的優勢。碳基材料，尤其是石墨烯，由於具有蜂窩狀晶格，在儲能應用中備受關注，因其非凡的導電導熱性、彈性、透明性和高比表面積而備受關注，使其成為最重要的儲能材料之一。石墨烯基超級電容器的高能量密度和優異的電/電化學性能的製造是開發大功率能源最緊迫的挑戰之一。在此，我們描述了生產石墨烯基儲能材料的兩種方法，並研究了所製備材料作為超級電容器裝置的電極材料的儲能性能。第一，我們開發了一種新穎、經濟且直接的方法來合成柔性和導電的 還原氧化石墨烯和還原氧化石墨烯/多壁奈米碳管複合薄膜。通過三電極系統，在一些強鹼水性電解質，如 氫氧化鉀、清氧化鋰

和氫氧化鈉中，研究加入多壁奈米碳管對還原氧化石墨烯/多壁奈米碳管複合薄膜電化學性能的影響。通過循環伏安法 (CV)、恆電流充放電 (GCD) 和電化學阻抗譜 (EIS) 探測薄膜的超級電容器行為。通過 X 射線衍射儀 (XRD)、拉曼光譜儀、表面積分析儀 (BET)、熱重分析 (TGA)、場發射掃描電子顯微鏡 (FESEM) 和穿透電子顯微鏡 (TEM) 對薄膜的結構和形態進行研究. 用 10 wt% 多壁奈米碳管(GP10C) 合成的還原氧化石墨烯/多壁奈米碳管薄膜表現出 200 Fg-1 的高比電容，15000 次循環測試後保持92%的比電容，小弛豫時間常數（~194 ms）和在2M氫氧化

鉀電解液中的高擴散係數 (7.8457×10−9 cm2s-1)。此外，以 GP10C 作為陽極和陰極，使用 2M氫氧化鉀作為電解質的對稱超級電容器鈕扣電容在電流密度為 0.1 Ag-1 時表現出 19.4 Whkg-1 的高能量密度和 439Wkg-1 的功率密度，以及良好的循環穩定性:在，0.3 Ag-1 下，10000 次循環後，保持85%的比電容。第二，我們合成了一種簡單、環保、具有成本效益的異質元素（氮、磷和氟）共摻雜氧化石墨烯（NPFG）。通過水熱功能化和冷凍乾燥方法將氧化石墨烯進行還原。此材料具有高比表面積和層次多孔結構。我們廣泛研究了不同元素摻雜對合成的還原氧化石墨烯的儲能性能

的影響。在相同條件下測量比電容，顯示出比第一種方法生產的材料更好的超級電容。以最佳量的五氟吡啶和植酸 (PA) 合成的氮、磷和氟共摻雜石墨烯 (NPFG-0.3) 表現出更佳的比電容（0.5 Ag-1 時為 319 Fg-1），具有良好的倍率性能、較短的弛豫時間常數 (τ = 28.4 ms) 和在 6M氫氧化鉀水性電解質中較高的電解陽離子擴散係數 (Dk+ = 8.8261×10-9 cm2 s–1)。在還原氧化石墨烯模型中提供氮、氟和磷原子替換的密度泛函理論 (DFT) 計算結果可以將能量值 (GT) 從 -673.79 eV 增加到 -643.26 eV，展示了原子級能量如何提高與電解質

的電化學反應。NPFG-0.3 相對於 NFG、PG 和純 還原氧化石墨烯的較佳性能主要歸因於電子/離子傳輸現象的平衡良好的快速動力學過程。我們設計的對稱鈕扣超級電容器裝置使用 NPFG-0.3 作為陽極和陰極，在 1M 硫酸鈉水性電解質中的功率密度為 716 Wkg-1 的功率密度時表現出 38 Whkg-1 的高能量密度和在 6M氫氧化鉀水性電解質中，24 Whkg-1 的能量密度下有499 Wkg-1的功率密度。簡便的合成方法和理想的電化學結果表明，合成的 NPFG-0.3 材料在未來超級電容器應用中具有很高的潛力。

High-Mountain Atmospheric Research: The Italian Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW Global Station (2165 m a.s.l.)

為了解決Carbon emission by c的問題，作者Cristofanelli, Paolo/ Brattich, Erika/ Decesari, Stefano/ Landi, 這樣論述：

Paolo Cristofanelli, researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) of the Italian National Research Council of Research (CNR), is head of the Climate Observatory ＂O. Vittori＂ ) at Mt. Cimone (2165 m a.s.l., Italy), one of the 31 global stations belonging to the Global Atmosp

here Watch (GAW) programme by WMO and PI of investigation programmes on reactive gases at the WMO/GAW regional station of Capo Granitola (Italy). Currently, in the framework of ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System) European Research Infrastructure, he is PI for observations of CO2 and CH4 at M

t. Cimone. He is also working within the EU Project ACTRIS-2 (Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure Network). He is involved on research about detection and attribution of atmospheric composition variability (trace gases and aerosol) with a special emphasis on climate-altering an

d pollutant compounds (i.e. SLCF/P and well mixed greenhouse gases). Paolo Cristofanelli has more than 10 year experience in educational and outreaching activities by project related to primary and secondary schools, popularization events, seminars, public events and scientific outreaching by web. H

e is authors or co-authors in more than 55 peer-reviewed papers.Davide Putero was born in 1987 in Turin, Italy. He graduated with honors in Physics (M.Sc.) at University of Turin in 2012. Since 2012, he has been working as a research fellow at CNR-ISAC in Bologna, Italy. He is currently a Ph.D. cand

idate in Geophysics at University of Bologna. His activity is focused on the investigation of the processes that modulate the atmospheric composition variability (short-lived climate forcers/pollutants, such as black carbon and ozone) at high-altitude remote regions (Himalayas and the Italian Apenni

nes) and urban sites (e.g., Kathmandu, Nepal). In 2015, he has been a visiting researcher at the group of atmospheric dynamics at IAC-ETH in Zurich, Switzerland. At present, he is co-author of 6 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals and one book chapter.Erika Brattich is an assistant research

fellow at the Department of Chemistry ＂G. Ciamician＂ of the University of Bologna since 2014. She graduated in Physics (M.Sc) at University of Bologna in 2010 and obtained the PhD degree in Earth Sciences at the University of Bologna in 2014. Her research activity focuses on the application of recep

tor modeling techniques based on large databases of chemical composition as well as on back-trajectories tools and the contemporary use of radioactive tracers to gain insights into the identification and quantification of particulate matter sources. These techniques have been successfully applied bo

th in base research projects as well as on technical consultancies in the field of environmental forensics. In 2013 and 2016 she has been visiting researcher at the National Institute of Aerospace (Hampton, Virginia, USA; Dr. Hongyu Liu) to conduct research on atmospheric radionuclides seasonal and

interannual variabilities using the GMI Chemistry and Transport model output. She was also visiting PhD student at the SCOLAb group (Applied Physics) at the University of Elche (Spain; Prof. José Antonio Garcia Orza) to establish links between atmospheric composition, large scale dynamics and atmosp

heric radioactivity. She is currently actively collaborating in the FRESA (＂Impacto de las intrusions de masas de aire con polvo aFRicano y de masas de aire EStratosférico en la Península Iberíca. Influencia de El Atlas＂) Spanish National project (PI: Prof. José Antonio Garcia Orza, University of El

che, Spain), which aims to study the interaction between upper level disturbances and the Atlas Mountains in promoting low level instability and cyclone formation in the lee of the Atlas mountains. At present, she is co-author of 16 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals.Laura Tositti is associ

ated professor of Environmental Chemistry at the University of Bologna (Italy). Her research focuses on the chemistry and radioactivity of atmospheric aerosols with the aim of apportioning their sources based on both experimental and modelling tools. In this framework, L. Tositti is responsible of s

everal monitoring projects in both highly anthropized and remote sites, ranging from the Po valley to WMO-GAW ＂O. Vittori Station＂ at Monte Cimone (Italy). The common thread is the conjunct use of stable chemistry and radioactivity to successfully trace the origin and fate of airborne particulate. T

he activity at Monte Cimone has been conducted for more than twelve years in close collaboration with ISAC-CNR with the initial aim to support the study of stratosphere-to- troposphere exchange (STE) using airborne radiotracers. This niche approach was successfully applied in several EU projects foc

used on STE, but opened up to several other studies some of which still on-going, such as the apportionment of large scale sources of PM10 in the core of the Mediterranean area as well as the testing of circulation modeling using aerosol radiotracers in collaboration with NASA, without neglecting th

e characterization of Fukushima plume in the European airshed in 2011. Monte Cimone experience allowed also the early introduction of PM10 sampling in the mid 90’s, when this metric was not yet popular in the European atmospheric research, setting the basis for the following development of her resea

rch topics. L. Tositti has been principal investigator in a number of projects in collaboration with the Environmental Protection Agency of Emilia Romagna aimed at apportioning aerosol sources in the Po Valley, one of the most polluted areas in Europe. In recent years she is largely involved as a co

nsultant and principal investigator in source apportionment studies in the field of environmental forensics on behalf of several Italian courts. She authored more than 80 publications in peer-reviewed journals, reports for the local environmental agencies and attorneys and conference presentations.

The research of Prof. Michela Maione focuses on the changing composition of the atmosphere, and in particular on the atmospheric budget of ozone depleting and climate altering gases based on long--term observations. In this frame, M. Maione is responsible of monitoring programmes in remote and semi-

remote sites, such as the WMO-GAW O. Vittori Station on Monte Cimone (Italy), the WMO-GAW NCO-P Station in the Himalayan Range (Nepal) and Dome C Station (Antarctica). The activity at Monte Cimone is conducted in collaboration with the AGAGE network, of which Monte Cimone is an affiliated station. A

lthough the instrumentation used for halocarbon measurements is not the same as used at the other AGAGE stations, measurements are linked to the AGAGE calibration scale and the same calibration protocol as the AGAG E stations is used. The research covers a wide range of compounds, including all the

Montreal Gases (CFCs, Halons, HCFCs, CH3Br, CH3CCl3), several Kyoto gases (HFCs, PFCs, SF6, CH4, N2O), short-lived brominated species (CH2Br2, CHBr3), chlorinated solvents, CO, COS, SO2F2, and anthropogenic NMHCs. These studies have been conducted in the frame of several National and International p

rojects in which M. Maione has been involved acting as Principal Investigator of the research unit. Moreover, from 2004 to 2009 M. Maione has been in charge for the scientific secretariat of the European Network of Excellence ACCENT, involving 42 European partners and 123 associated partners, dealin

g with research activities concerning the role of atmospheric composition changes in climate change and air quality. Such activity is now conducted in the frame of a EU funded Coordinated Action, ACCENT Plus, funded by the EU-FP7. M. Maione participated in four scientific expeditions to Antarctica a

nd in two scientific expeditions to the Arctic. She authored ca 80 publications in peer-reviewed journals and a number of book chapters and conference presentations. She is co-editor of the Atmospheric Environment Special Issue ＂Atmospheric Composition Change＂ (Atmos Environ, 43, 2009).Dr. Stefano D

ecesari is researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) of CNR. Aged 44, he is author or co-author of 92 peer-reviewed publications (H-Index = 41). He is a specialist of atmospheric particulate matter chemical composition, and he developed original analytical methodologies

for organic aerosol characterization. He took part to 10 EU research projects, other three international and two national (Italian) ones. He coordinated three intensive field experiment involving about 40 foreign research groups in the frame of the EC projects EUCAARI and PEGASOS. He has coordinated

one EU project, ＂Himalayan Brown Carbon＂ (FP7 MSC IEF) dealing with light-absorbing aerosols in the high Himalayan environment. On 2014 he won the Haagen-Smit Prize for co-authorship of the paper ＂European aerosol phenomenology-2: chemical characteristics of particulate matter at kerbside, urban, r

ural and background sites in Europe＂ published on Atmospheric Environment. At present, he is coordinator of the project ＂IPA-BC/Monitor＂ (POR-FESR, Emilia-Romagna, 1 M ).Tony Christian;mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin＂> Landi got th

e PhD in Physics on 2012 at the Center of Excellence for the forecast of Severe Weather (CETEMPS) - University of L’Aquila. On 2006, he got the Master Degree in Environmental Sciences (summa cum laude) at University of Naples ＂Parthenope＂. His thesis was recipient of the 2006 Best Remote Sensing The

sis Award by the IEEE GRS South Italy Chapter. His main research interests are focused on atmospheric chemistry with a particular emphasis in the understanding of the processes that control the atmospheric budgets of aerosols and gases that play a key role in the context of global climate change and

in regional air quality. He is an expert on 3-D computer models of atmospheric processes that affect chemical species and analysis of data from both in-situ and remote- sensing instruments. Tony Christian Landi is author or co-author of 16 scientific peer-reviewed papers. He is author of Italian Pa

tent n.0001384527 entitled A method for the detection of electromagnetic spectral signature during wild land fires, based on emission from trace elements in biomass tissues.Dr. Paolo Bonasoni is a senior research at the CNR-ISAC responsible of Climate Hot-Spot research department, and former head of

the research infrastructures: Climate Observatory ＂O. Vittori＂ at Mount Cimone and Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid (two GAW-WMO global stations). Main scientific interests: physical and chemical processes of ozone and other atmospheric compounds in remote mountain regions and in background condit

ions; climate change in mountain regions; environmental technologies for climate observations in mountain and remote areas. Principal investigator in several international projects (VOTALP I & II, MINATROC, STACCATO, EUSAAR, ACCENT, POLPO, SHARE...). Paolo Bonasoni was recently chair of the PON ＂Hig

h Technology Infrastructure for Integrated Climate and Environmental Monitoring＂ (I-AMICA) and author or co-author more than 80 papers in the peer-reviewed literature.

磁敏釋放控制微膠囊並應用於金屬離子螢光感測

為了解決Carbon emission by c的問題，作者杜博瑋 這樣論述：

微膠囊化技術因其在材料科學中的結構和功能性提供眾多優點而近年來受到廣泛的 關注。超分子化學是一門關注分子間非共價鍵作用力的化學學科，從中延伸出了很多 重要的概念和研究方向，例如分子螢光光探針，其螢光特性由其自身的分子結構決定， 但也容易受到環境因素的影響。在該方向上，本論文進行了詳細的研究，解釋了微膠 囊化技術與超分子化學完美的平衡組合，使其具有更好的穩定性和新穎的應用。首先 我們導入超分子化學概念通過一鍋反應合成的芘基衍生物，2­((芘­1­亞甲基) 胺) 乙醇奈 米顆粒，和通過改質的磁性奈米顆粒用作觸發釋放元素通過雙乳化溶劑蒸發法包覆在 聚己內酯聚合物基質構建的微型膠囊中。用於檢測三價陽

離子的開關感測器通過新型 的螢光響應與磁場控制釋放機制被很好地整合在整個系統中，並且在外部震盪磁場下 可以有效地發生熱能與動能的轉換。(1) 通過一鍋法成功合成了具有聚集誘導光增強特性和三價陽離子感測能力的芘基衍 生物螢光探針。我們使用重結晶技術來提高該螢光探針化合物的純度，純度評估由螢 光光譜的半高寬的值確定。通過核磁共振光譜，紫外可見光光譜，螢光光譜和熱重分 析研究了選擇性螢光探針的特性。其聚集誘導光增強特性和對於三價陽離子 (鐵/鋁/鉻) 的選擇開關特性都表現完整且性能良好。在使用這種螢光探針作為核心材料被封裝在 微膠囊中之前，本節充分地研究了其基本特性，穩定的紫外可見光及螢光光譜的結果

是在溶劑 (乙腈) 和水 (100:900; 體積比) 的比例下進行的，強力的激發光在 505 nm，也 分別顯示出其對於三價鐵/鋁/鉻金屬陽離子優異的選擇性。(2) 為了成功通過外部震盪磁場觸發微膠囊的破裂，我們將利用共沉澱法合成並通過 檸檬酸修飾以達到避免團聚現象並提高其穩定性的磁性奈米顆粒嵌入聚合物基質中。 通過由動態光散射所測量到的粒徑分佈和界面電位以及掃描電子顯微鏡觀察到的圖 像，顯示出經過修飾的磁性奈米顆粒具有良好的分散特性和相對未修飾顆粒較小的粒 徑分佈。經過修飾的磁性奈米顆粒和選擇性熒光探針分子通過雙乳化結合溶劑蒸發法 成功封裝在微膠囊中，並通過光學顯微鏡，掃描電子顯微鏡，動

態光散射儀，熱重分i析儀，X 光散射儀，和核磁共振光譜儀對其表面形貌和特征進行了全面的研究。其結 果分別表明被修飾的磁性奈米顆粒和選擇性熒光探針確實有被微膠囊封裝在內，與此 同時，本節還深入討論了殼材料的高分子量的大小，雙乳化的內部水相濃度，以及在 分離微膠囊的離心過程中的離心速率的選擇，對合成微膠囊形貌以及包封效率的影響。 我們發現當聚合物外殼採用的分子量為 80,000 的聚己內酯時，所合成的微膠囊比其他 兩種較低分子量的顯示出更好的包覆效率和更加均勻的形狀，這主要是由於採用較高 分子量的高分子時，其油相在膠囊雙乳化狀態下的固化過程可以提供更好的穩定性。 此外，將溶解在乙腈中 10 mM

的熒光探針化合物作為內部水相的濃度與其他兩種濃度 (0.1 mM, 1 mM) 相比之下，也證明該濃度下所合成的微膠囊具有更好的均勻性和包覆 效率，因為較低濃度的內部水相會導致膠囊外殼內外滲透壓的不穩定。令人驚訝的是， 我們還發現在分離微膠囊的過程中，較高的離心速率會導致微膠囊的多孔性結構的產 生，這種現象可以通過調整較低的離心速率來消除。該策略同時也為未來開發新型多 孔性結構微膠囊的設計提供了一種新的途徑。在本節中，包覆了被修飾後的磁性奈米 顆粒和選擇性螢光探針的微膠囊的釋放行為和感測滴定分別以六十攝氏度的水浴加熱， 機械破壞，和超聲波粉碎的方式模擬其在磁場破裂的條件下進行，並且分別在不同狀

態下完美地測試了其結果。(3) 最後我們巧妙地設計了通過使用外部震盪磁場的方式來觸發芘基席夫鹼螢光 探針在微膠囊中的新型磁感應釋放機制。為了控制膠囊外殼的破裂，分散在乙腈/水 (900:100; 體積比) 中新合成的磁敏微膠囊通過直接感應加熱暴露在高頻磁場下。這些微 膠囊被成功觸發破裂釋放出所包覆的選擇性螢光探針，表現出優異的聚集誘導光增強 特性，和良好的選擇性開關螢光信號用於檢測三價金屬陽離子 (鐵/鋁/鉻)。被釋放的螢 光探針的檢測極限為:2.8602 × 10−6 M (三價鋁離子), 1.5744 × 10−6 M (三價鉻離子)，和 1.8988 × 10−6 M (三價鐵離子)。

該感測器平台也表現出優異的精確度和再現性，如變 異係數所示 (三價鐵離子 ≤ 2.79%, 三價鉻離子 ≤ 2.79%, 三價鋁離子 ≤ 3.76%)，各金屬離 子的回收率分別為:96.5­98.7% (三價鐵離子), 96.7­99.4% (三價鉻離子), 和 94.7­98.9% (三價鋁離子)。以上結果也充分說明了本文所述的控制釋放平台對於三價金屬陽離子 (鐵/鋁/鉻) 活性和實際樣品中的偵測，在未來環境監測甚至生物醫學方面的應用有一定 的價值和潛力。