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The Cayenne & Cocoa Companion: 100 Recipes and Remedies for Natural Living

為了解決Cayenne的問題，作者Scherr, Suzy 這樣論述：

辣椒中辣椒素類和酚類化合物的分析及其抗氧化活性

為了解決Cayenne的問題，作者呂羿玟 這樣論述：

辣椒 (Capsicum spp.) 為常見的一種辛香料，添加至食品中可增添其辛辣感，而此辛辣感源自於辣椒中特有的辣椒素類化合物 (capsaicinoids)。本研究選用八種常見之市售辣椒以及於臺灣東部聞名之剝皮辣椒，先利用最適反應曲面法選擇萃取辣椒素類化合物之最適條件，接著利用 LC/MS/MS 進行辣椒素類化合物之定性及定量，比較各辣椒及製成剝皮辣椒後對於辣椒素類化合物之影響，最後測定各辣椒中之酚類化合物含量，並比較不同辣椒之抗氧化能力。利用所得之最適萃取條件萃取辣椒中之辣椒素類化合物，可萃取高達 609.39 mg / 100g dry weight 之總辣椒素類化合物。而以 HPL

C 分析時，其以 Synergi™ 4 µm Hydro-RP 80 Å 管柱搭配無酸化之水及甲醇為移動相，可獲取較佳之分離效果。以 LC/MS/MS 鑑定分析不同辣椒品種，共鑑定出八種辣椒素類化合物，分別為 nornordihydrocapsaicin、nordihydrocapsaicin、capsaicin、dihydrocapsaicin、homocapsaicin、homodihydrocapsaicin、dicapsaicin 及 capsaicin-dihydrocapsaicin，其中最主要的為 capsaicin、dihydrocapsaicin 及 nordihydroca

psaicin，而 dicapsaicin 及 capsaicin-dihydrocapsaicin 為過氧化酶作用產生之聚合物，capsaicin-dihydrocapsaicin為首次被發現於辣椒中。辣椒素類化合物定量結果顯示，利用總辣椒素類化合物之含量可將樣品分成四部分，第一部分有Bhut Jolokia，其總量高達 6891.11 mg / 100 g dry weight (1098950.1 SHU)。第二部分之總量範圍降至 400.61-628.56 mg / 100 g dry weight (60615.8-94477.1 SHU)，樣品分別有 Prik Kii-Nuu De

ng、Chao Tian Jiao 及 Gising pepper。第三部分有Two thorns pepper、Cayenne pepper 及Homemade peeled pepper，含量範圍落於 100.30-177.54 mg / 100 g dry weight (15027.4-27086.1 SHU) 之間。第四部分則有Peeled pepper from market、Jalapeño 及 Cubanelle pepper，總量僅有 0.36-1.60 mg / 100 g dry weight (47.8-226.2 SHU)。加工後的影響方面，以 Two thorns

pepper 為原料製備成 Homemade peeled pepper 時，二者之間總辣椒素類化合物的含量無顯著性差異。然而，以同樣原料製備而成之Peeled pepper from market (市售剝皮辣椒)，其含量卻有顯著的下降，為各樣品中含量最低者。另外，酚類化合物共發現 10 種酚酸 (protocatechuic acid、vanillic acid glucoside、4-hydroxybenzoic acid、vanillic acid、salicylic acid、p-Coumaric acid hexoside、caffeic acid hexoside、chloro

genic acid、ferulic acid hexoside 及 p-Coumaric acid) 及 7 種類黃酮 (vicenin-2、luteolin 8-C-hexoside、rutin、isoquercetin、hesperidin、quercetin 及 naringenin)，其中酚酸最主要為p-coumaric acid 及 chlorogenic acid，而類黃酮則以isoquercitin 的含量為最高。不同辣椒之總酚含量與 DPPH 自由基清除能力及氧自由基吸收能力決定係數 R2 分別達 0.7378 及 0.7081，呈現高度相關性，顯示酚類化合物為辣椒中最主要之

抗氧化活性物質，而辣椒素類化合物與抗氧化活性之相關性則較低。

From the Soul into the Cast Iron Skillet 2nd Helping

為了解決Cayenne的問題，作者Bowden, Lurlene 這樣論述：

In writing this Cookbook, I became acquainted through the written word with a Black Slave known as Ollie-Belle. Her great granddaughter wrote and shared her Recipes over (125) years. Ollie-Belle was probably an in-house servant that could write down a favorite dish she Cooked for the plantation

master and his family. She would have had access to different Spices and Herbs grown locally or brought/bought from abroad. The wealthy plantation owners or city/town merchants who employed Blacks would have had the financial means to purchase such revered commodities. Otherwise, the menu was bland

and strictly reserved to whatever they were provided in the kitchen, apart from the main house. Cayenne Pepper was in every Recipe. Was it because it was a Seasoning used as a natural antioxidant to rid the body of toxic and radical properties? There was no professional medical attention given to th

e workers. They learned to take care of one another as best as they knew how. Ignorance was encouraged and only a few slaves could read or write. Knowledge was believed to lead out....escape. The heavy Cooking pots with proper Oiling were the ＂KEY＂ to a successful and different Flavor/Taste to ever

y Southern Country Recipe. It is best known for Cornbread, ＂BAKED FOR KINGS＂ and Fried Meats, such as Chicken and Catfish. The landowners placed their crops in fields near rivers and coastland for a needed Water supply. This provided Fish, Shrimp, and Crawfish. Chickens were grown on the farm.