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英語歌謠融入國小低年級課後英語社團成效之行動研究

為了解決How to pronounce flu的問題，作者郭怡秀 這樣論述：

　　英語文在國際間扮演著共同語言的重要角色，行政院於2018年拍板「2030 雙語國家政策發展藍圖」，期許以 2030 年為目標台灣能成為雙語國家，推動英語成為第二官方語言，以提升國人英語力，增加我國際競爭力。其中一項策略即為加速教學活化及生活化並落實中小學英語課採全英授課。　　然而，如何引起學生學習英語的動機、產生興趣，進而提升英語能力，是站在教育現場最前線的教學者們所面臨的課題。　　本研究在探討歌謠融入國小低年級生英語課程的成效，研究者在屏東縣快樂國小擔任課後英語社團老師，由研究者自編教材，進行十首英語歌謠的教學，研究發現：一、英語歌謠適合作為英語初學者的入門教材二、英語歌謠融入教學能讓

課程化繁為簡，並製造學生成功的學習經驗三、英語歌謠融入教學能營造愉悅的學習環境，並提高學生學習興趣四、英語歌謠融入教學能重複聽說訓練，強化記憶五、英語歌謠融入教學培養英語語感，訓練英語語音、語調　　最後研究者根據研究結果提出教學及研究方向之建議，供未來欲以歌謠作為教學工具的教學者做為參考。

補充維生素B12對素食者血中同型半胱氨酸濃度之影響

為了解決How to pronounce flu的問題，作者余葦琳 這樣論述：

BackgroundVegetarian diet is associated with various beneficial outcomes on health. However, potential drawbacks of vegetarian diet and possible solutions remain uncertain. Vegetarian diet is potentially deficient in Vitamin B12, since foods of animal origins are the main sources of it. Vitamin B12

serves as an important co-factor in Homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study are: 1) To evaluate the Vitamin B12 and Hcy status among vegetarians; 2) To assess the efficacy of oral supplementation with Vitamin B12 on reducing the plasma Hcy levels among vegetarians.Mater

ials and methodsA prospective cohort study of Tzu Chi Health Study (TCHS) was conducted at Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital. A total of 6002 adults aged 18 to 87 years old who came to hospital for a health examination were recruited during October 2007 to December 2009. Blood samples for evaluation o

f Hcy and Vitamin B12 levels were taken in the first 1528 participants. Sixty-five vegetarians with hyper Hcy (plasma Hcy >12 μmol/L) participated the further intervention study. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio into interventional group (n=33) and control group (n=32). Baseline de

mographic status of the participants was assessed by questionnaires, general physical examination and laboratory tests. Participants in the intervention group received an oral tablet of 500μg Vitamin B12 daily, while the control group received a placebo tablet daily, with the duration of interventio

n for 6 months. Repeated measurements of plasma Hcy and Vitamin B12 were taken at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months.ResultsOut of the 1528 participants 66.6% are non-vegetarians and 33.4% are vegetarians. Vegetarians significantly have higher Hcy, lower Vitamin B12 and higher folic acid level. In the subsequ

ent randomized controlled trial study, the reduction of plasma Hcy level is significant starting from the 3rd month after the supplementation (β±SE= -6.23±1.50, p