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Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Sustainable Growth: Opportunities and Challenges

為了解決Bentley USA的問題，作者Asgary, Nader H.,Maccari, Emerson A. 這樣論述：

Entrepreneurship and innovation play a vital role in fostering sustainable development. Advances in technology and communications have both transformed the process of business as well as strengthened the role of entrepreneurship in developed and developing countries. This important book is the first

to provide the fundamental concepts and applications for faculty and students in this field, and also serves as a professional reference for practicing entrepreneurs and policymakers.Each chapter provides a clear guide to the conceptual and practical elements that characterize entrepreneurship and

the process of new venture formation, including functional strategies in key areas such as marketing, information technology, human resources management, and accounting and finance. Questions and exercises are presented throughout in order to encourage discussion and problem-solving. A quick summary

of the important concepts and definitions are also provided. Keeping practicality as the book's core aim, all chapters include a long case study to set the scene and then draw upon shorter cases from both developing and developed countries to reinforce key learning objectives and the real-world app

lication of the book's core concepts. Nader H. Asgary is Professor of Management and Economics at Bentley University, USA, and founder and President of the CYRUS Institute of Knowledge.Emerson A. Maccari is Professor and the Dean of Graduate School of Management at UNINOVE University, São Paulo, B

razil.

Bentley USA進入發燒排行的影片

社區適老化建設評估指標系統的建構與運用之研究

為了解決Bentley USA的問題，作者梅文兵 這樣論述：

面對全球老齡化所帶來持續性養老壓力，各國政府都開展了行之有效的辦法來應對本國人口老齡化問題。隨著經濟的發展和房地產行業的興起，社區居家養老已經成為中國的主體養老模式，据數據統計，中國90%的老年人選擇社區居家養老。但不能否認的是，社區建設之初，較少考慮到老年人的養老需求，因此如何構建符合社區居家養老模式下社區適老化建設便成為政府、養老產業界和學術界共同關心的問題。基於此，本論文借鑒國內外相關建設和發展經驗，通過質性研究和量化分析相結合的研究方法，構建出社區居家養老模式下社區適老化建設評估指標體系，並選取中國珠三角地區4個典型社區進行實證運用，以期提出適合社區居家養老模式下社區適老化建設的對策

建議和改善策略。具體內容如下：首先，透過文獻資料調研、政策文本分析和老年扎根訪談的方式，運用質性研究方法，初步選取社區居家養老模式下社區適老化建設的51項評估指標；其次，將上述51項指標編制成模糊德爾菲法專家問卷，運用模糊德爾菲法，邀請官、產、學界專家對51項指標的重要值進行評量，根據專家共識值和門檻值的設定，最終篩選出48項社區適老化建設指標；再次，將上述48項指標的重要度和表現度，編制成問卷針對社區居家老年人及其相關群體進行廣泛調研，透過576份有效調研數據，運用因素分析法，構建出社區居家養老模式下社區適老化建設的4項準則、9項次準則和48項指標的評估指標系統；另外，將社區適老化建設評

估指標體系，編制成模糊層次專家問卷，邀請官、產、學界專家對各層級評估指標的相對重要值進行評量，運用模糊層次分析法，計算出社區適老化建設評估指標體系各層級指標的權重值；最後，透過本研究構建的社區適老化建設評估指標體系，選擇中國珠三角地區城市、城郊、城鎮、農村等4個典型社區進行實例驗證，客觀科學評估該社區適老化建設的狀況並根據評估數據提出改善策略。社區適老化建設評估指標的研究，是可以涵蓋多面向的研究，這不只是針對現有社區的適老化建設狀況進行評估，從其中辨識適老化建設的不足之處並提出改善建議，也可以於社區規劃建設前段作業時，協助相關部門有效的篩選建設指標並進行決策，以尋得符合社區居家養老產業需求之切

實適老化表現。本研究最期待的是藉由社區適老化建設評估指標，提升社區適老化建設成效和社區居家養老品質，進而提升老年人的生活品質和生活滿意度，幫助老年人成功老化。

The Illustrated Dictionary of Toxicologic Pathology and Safety Science

為了解決Bentley USA的問題，作者Sahota, Pritam S. (EDT)/ Spaet, Robert H. (EDT)/ Bentley, Philip 這樣論述：

There has been a growing interest in toxicologic pathology, especially as related to its impact on the safety assessment of pharmaceuticals and chemicals, and in drug development. Thus, there is a growing need for an Illustrated Dictionary of Toxicology Pathology and Safety Science (IDTP) that this

dictionary aims to fill. The language of toxicologic pathology may be less familiar to a broad range of safety scientists, especially those involved in the safety evaluation of pharmaceuticals and chemicals. The IDTP format provides the brevity and clarity that the user is not likely to receive in a

textbook, even if adequately indexed. With the inclusion of descriptions for terms used in toxicology, drug metabolism/pharmacokinetics, and regulatory science, the scope of the IDTP is considerably broadened and decidedly unique in its appeal to all safety scientists. With over 800 photos and illu

strations to provide visual context, * an important aim of the IDTP is to present pathological changes as reference examples for terminology, nomenclature, and term descriptions for the entry entry-level as well as seasoned toxicologic pathologist. It will also aid students and non-pathology special

ists such as study directors, senior toxicology report reviewers, scientific management of contract research organizations, regulatory agencies, and drug development companies to better understand the biological significance of tissue changes. The IDTP provides a single reference volume for these us

ers to further their understanding and appreciation of biologically significant pathology findings. The IDTP consists of four major areas: 1. A-Z Dictionary of Pathology encompassing all organ systems, together with relevant non-pathology terms supported by references in "For Further Reading" sectio

ns.2. Appendix 1: An Overviews of Drug Development, Nonclinical Safety & Toxicologic Pathology, and Important/Special Topics.3. Appendix 2: Diagnostic Criteria of for Proliferative Proliferative Lesions in Rodents (Rat and Mouse) and Selected Non-Rodent Laboratory Species containing illustrations wi

th detailed references and links to source material.4) Appendix 3: Mini-Atlas of Organ System Anatomy and Histology to help re-acquaint the non-pathologist safety scientist with many normal anatomical structures.The editors and contributing scientists (board-certified veterinary pathologists, board-

certified toxicologists, allied health safety scientists, health regulatory representatives) have experience from bench-level pathology and toxicology to managing global preclinical safety units in leading pharmaceutical companies. They have considerable experience mentoring pharmaceutical industry

project team members, interacting with industry clinicians and representatives of decision-making bodies within the industry, as well as with global health authorities, such as the FDA and EMA. These activities convinced them of the necessity for and usefulness of the IDTP. As experts in their field

, they have undertaken the hard work of writing and compiling the information, making the IDTP an exceptional, go-to reference.*Illustrations Editor: Gregory Argentieri　 Dr. Pritam S. Sahota studied for his Veterinary Medicine (BVSc) and Veterinary Pathology (MSc and PhD) degrees at Punjab Agricul

tural University in India. He is a Diplomate of the American Board of Toxicology. After completing his PhD, he immigrated to the USA in 1976 and worked for Dawson Research Corporation in Orlando, Florida for 10 years with increasing responsibilities as Toxicologic Pathologist, Senior Toxicologic Pat

hologist, and Scientific Director. As Scientific Director, he was overall responsible for the Departments of Pathology and Toxicology in this contract research organization (CRO) that was involved in the safety evaluation of drugs and chemicals. While working briefly for Dynamac Corporation in Resea

rch Triangle Park, NC (1986-87), Dr. Sahota conducted retrospective scientific audits on 23 NTP carcinogenicity studies and participated in discussions with the representatives of NTP, FDA and EPA to summarize the results of scientific audits of approximately 200 carcinogenicity studies. In 1987, Dr

. Sahota joined Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals in Summit, NJ as Head/Manager of Pathologists and helped establish Pathology Peer Review and Quality Control systems. He continued to work primarily in this position with increasing responsibilities in Ciba-Geigy and then Novartis (resulting from Ciba/Sando

z merger in 1997) up to 2000, when he became Head of Pathology (Director→ Executive Director: 2000-12, East Hanover, NJ). In addition to his pathology responsibilities, Dr. Sahota also served as an International Project Team Representative for a number of marketed drugs including an antihypertensive

blockbuster, Diovan, where he successfully defended company position with the FDA and various International Regulatory Authorities. During 2010-12, he also successfully led following Global Preclinical Safety initiatives at Novartis: Patient Centricity (Patient in the Lab), Cardiotoxicity, Ocular T

oxicity, and evaluation of rodent carcinogenicity potential based on short-term toxicity and genotoxicity studies to minimize delays in regulatory submissions. Dr. Sahota also held an adjunct academic appointment of Assistant Professor in the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newar

k, NJ for approximately 8 years. In 2013, he also published the book entitled ＂Toxicologic Pathology - Nonclinical Safety Assessment＂ (CRC Press) as Lead Editor. Since 2013, Dr. Sahota has been President of Global ToxPath LLC located in Kennewick, WA (Toxicologic Pathology Consultancy). 2 Robert Spa

et obtained his BS and MS degrees in Zoology from Eastern Illinois University (1971, 1973). He began his career as a Sr. Research Technician at the Franklin McClean Memorial Research Institute, University of Chicago, before joining GD Searle Laboratories in Skokie, IL as a Parapathologist (1973-76).

He became a Research and Teaching Assistant at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center in Oklahoma City, OK, and completed the coursework towards a PhD in Anatomic and Experimental Pathology (1975-77) before joining Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals in June 1977 as a Scientist II in Pathology, P

reclinical Safety. He also completed his oral and written exams for PhD degree in Anatomic Pathology at University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ (UMDNJ), in 1984 while working for CIBA. His core training and expertise lies in toxicologic pathology within the framework of drug s

afety evaluation. He has also had full time experience as a Study Director and is certified as a Diplomate, American Board of Toxicology. He has written many scientific papers in the field of toxicology and toxicologic pathology and holds full membership in several prominent professional societies i

ncluding the Society of Toxicologic Pathologists (US and Europe), Society of Toxicology, American College of Toxicology, and is a member of the Roundtable of Toxicology Consultants. Robert has 35+ years of experience in toxicologic pathology and regulatory toxicology. During his tenure with CIBA and

Novartis (merger of CIBA and Sandoz), he held a series of positions of increasing responsibility to eventually become Director, Translational Sciences, Preclinical Safety, Department of Pathology. His professional experience was broadened as an Exchange Scientist with CIBA in Basel, Switzerland (19

87-88). Among other professional activities, he participated in the team teaching of Pathology in the School of Allied Health Sciences at UMDNJ for a number of years. Since 1986 he served as an International Project Team Preclinical Safety representative for a number of compounds in development, inc

luding several successfully marketed (blockbuster) pharmaceuticals. Within this capacity he has authored extensive safety summaries in support of IND/NDA/CTX drug submissions and represented the company as a preclinical safety expert before regulatory agencies such as the FDA and EMEA. Post-retireme

nt, Robert continues to remain active in toxicologic pathology and non-clinical safety having established a consultancy RSPathologics, LLC. He is also a member of several high-profile groups including the Society of Toxicologic Pathology’s Science and Regulatory Policy Committee, the STP Membership

Committee, and the European Society of Toxicologic Pathology Committee on Future Technologies in Toxicologic Pathology. Zbigniew W. Wojcinski, D.V.M, D.V.Sc., DACVP, DABT is Principal and Co-Founder of Drug Development Preclinical Services, LLC, and has 30 years’ experience in drug development. Dr.

Wojcinski received his undergraduate degree (B.Sc.) in Zoology at the University of Toronto and his D.V.M. and D.V.Sc. (Pathology) from the Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph. He is a certified Diplomate of the American Board of Toxicology and a Diplomate of the American College of Vet

erinary Pathologists. He is also recognized as a Specialist in Veterinary Pathology by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association. Dr. Wojcinski gained experience in drug development and toxicologic pathology with Parke-DavisWarner-Lambert and Pfizer Global Research and Development over 22 years an

d then Fulcrum Pharma Developments, Inc. for 31/2 years. In 2011, he co-founded Drug Development Preclinical Services, LLC. He has extensive experience as Study Pathologist and Review Pathologist for acute, repeated dose subchronic and chronic oral and intravenous studies, including 5 carcinogenicit

y studies. Throughout his career, he has managed successful cross-functional drug development teams in CNS, Metabolic Diseases and Dermatology therapeutic areas. As Therapeutic Area Leader for Dermatology at Pfizer, Dr. Wojcinski was responsible for development and implementation of the safety and r

isk management strategies in this new therapeutic area at Pfizer. He has also been directly involved in the preparation of pre-IND documents, Nonclinical Safety Assessments for IND/IMPD/NDA/MAA, Investigator’s Brochures and labeling (USPI, SmPC) negotiations in CNS, anti-infective, and/or dermatolog

y therapeutic areas. Dr. Wojcinski has had numerous interactions with regulatory agencies in the US, Europe, Canada and Australia for compounds at various stages of development. Most notably, Dr. Wojcinski was the toxicology representative throughout the entire development of the CNS drug, Lyrica(R)

, which is now marketed worldwide. He has also provided pathology consultation and histopathology peer review on several projects in various therapeutic areas, including respiratory infections, dermatitis, and ophthalmic disease. Dr. Wojcinski has authored/co-authored numerous scientific manuscripts

and 4 book chapters. Philip Bentley is Principal Consultant at Toxicodynamix International LLC. He studied biochemistry at the University of Hull, UK, graduating with a BSc in 1970 and a PhD in 1974. He had postdoctoral fellowships at the Universities of Basel. Switzerland and Mainz, Germany. His p

ostdoctoral research centered upon formation and inactivation of reactive metabolites and the enzymes involved in the metabolism of foreign compounds. In 1979 he joined the Investigative Toxicology group (known as Cell Biology) in the Toxicology Department of Ciba-Geigy, Basel, Switzerland and remai

ned with the company, later Novartis, until 2014. In these 35 years he held various management positions in Europe and the USA with responsibility for Investigative Toxicology; Drug Metabolism; Drug Metabolism and Toxicology; Preclinical Safety Europe; Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; Toxicolog

y/Pathology USA; Preclinical Safety USA and Global Preclinical Safety. In these positions he contributed to the registration of more than 45 marketed drug products and the preparation of several hundred IND’s. He has vast experience in the areas of drug metabolism and disposition, toxicology/patholo

gy, genetic toxicology, pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics and all aspects of investigative toxicology. He is well grounded in biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology and pharmacology with the ability to integrate data from the different preclinical disciplines to enable translation to determine

the clinical relevance of the findings. He is very familiar with global drug registration requirements and working on global projects. He has authored more than 80 scientific publications, has lectured in toxicology at the University of Basel for more than 30 years, and is a past President of the Eu

ropean Society of Biochemical Pharmacology and the Swiss Society of Toxicology. He was a member of the PhRMA/IQ Preclinical Leadership (DruSafe) Committee for 16 years, a member of the advisory board of the PSTC Biomarker consortium and a member of the expert working group for revision of the ICH S2

guidance on genotoxicity testing and the PhRMA expert group on genotoxic impurities.

以3D深度學習及點雲匹配技術進行機械手臂自動化複雜零件分類

為了解決Bentley USA的問題，作者賴以衛 這樣論述：

以機械手臂進行零件分類是自動化生產線的主要工作之一，利用結構光掃描器搭配AI深度學習及點雲匹配技術，可快速辨識產線上各個零件的類型，並自動計算每個零件的拾取資訊，然而，隨著零件類型、數量及幾何複雜度的提升，深度學習的數據準備作業將耗費大量時間，且以越複雜的零件進行點雲匹配時，其匹配的誤差也會隨之增加。為克服此等問題，本論文以點資料處理技術對零件的點雲進行處理，改善數據準備耗時及點雲匹配誤差的問題，據以開發一套「複雜零件隨機夾取/分類系統」，達到自動化零件分類之目的。本論文透過對零件之掃描點雲進行一系列濾波、分割及資料集擴增處理，由少量掃描點雲自動化產生大量點雲資料集，藉以進行深度學習的訓練，

於自動化作業現場快速判別零件種類；接著以RANSAC搭配ICP法進行零件的3D CAD模型與其掃描點雲的精準匹配，將事先分析CAD模型所產生的夾取資訊轉換為零件實際擺放的夾取資訊，並依零件辨識結果及其座標轉換，以機械手臂完成零件的夾取與分類。本論文除了詳述如何以點資料處理技術建構深度學習辨識模型及達到點雲之精準匹配，也簡述如何以3D CAD模型求取零件夾取資訊，最終以多種不同幾何特性的複雜零件驗證所提方法的可行性及所開發系統的實用性。