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實況斗內（Donate）：以心理所有權、擬社會人際互動與感知互動性探索網路直播觀眾之消費行為

為了解決Civic 11 e:HEV的問題，作者陳建瑋 這樣論述：

近年來隨著通訊技術的普及與發展，網路直播作為一種新型媒體娛樂互動形式，在全球範圍內發展迅猛，衍伸了許多商業模式，其中贊助(Donate)所帶來的經濟效益尤其龐大，在這裡指的是觀眾透過購買直播平台虛擬點數、禮物贈送給主播的行為，而先前關於贊助的研究多旨在解釋慈善捐贈，較少針對觀看者在直播中所感知到的心理體驗來對消費行為的相關研究。目前對於觀看者在頻道中的消費動機仍然所知有限，本研究根據以心理所有權、擬社會人際互動與感知互動性等理論來探討觀看者的消費行為。本研究主要探討於直播環境中，觀眾在頻道中所產生的心理所有權以及擬社會人際互動是否影響消費意圖，其次本研究探討感知互動性與自我投資等因素是否會使

觀眾產生心理所有權以及擬社會人際互動進而影響消費意圖。研究針對曾接觸過實況的觀眾進行線上問卷發放，並經由問卷設計請受測者填答問卷前，帶入自己最喜歡以及最常觀看甚至消費過的直播頻道以確保準確性，問卷於社群論壇平台(巴哈姆特、Dcard)進行發放，總共回收400份有效問卷，使用 SmartPLS3.0 程式進行信效度分析與路徑分析。經過研究結果發現：（1）心理所有權與擬社會人際互動皆對消費意圖有較為顯著的影響，而擬社會人際互動的影響較大。推測由於直播環境會使大部分觀眾對主播及其他觀看者產生片面情感，進而覺得正在跟”真正”的朋友交流，這種感覺對於消費意圖之影響甚至大過對頻道的擁有感。（2）直播環境下

觀眾的感知互動性，其中感知交流性、感知響應性對於擬社會人際互動都有顯著的影響，但皆對於心理所有權無顯著影響。（3）感知互動性中的感知可控性對於心理所有權有顯著影響，但對於擬社會人際互動無顯著影響。（4）自我投資對於心理所有權與擬社會人際互動皆產生非常顯著的影響。

新修訂之歐盟再生能源指令對於再生能源群體的支援：德國和保加利亞的案例研究分析

為了解決Civic 11 e:HEV的問題，作者施亞欣 這樣論述：

Renewable energy communities are a concept with a long history in Europe, yet their legislative definition was introduced only recently in the revised EU Renewable Energy Directive from 2018. Member States are required to implement the Directive and its enabling conditions for renewable energy comm

unities into national law and as the development of community energy significantly differs from one country to another, it is of interest for the nations struggling with the implementation to observe the support frameworks present in the more successful examples. Previous research has primarily reli

ed on exploring approaches and cases from the northern and western parts of Europe, where communal energy is generally more developed, and in particular countries such as Denmark, the Netherlands, the UK and Germany. A research gap is found in the analysis of Eastern and Southeastern Europe, where v

arious factors have negatively influenced the progress of comunity energy over the years and in present times.This paper analyzes and compares the support frameworks for renewable energy communities, as described in Art. 22 of the revised Directive, in two EU Member States – Germany and Bulgaria, in

order to determine the current motivators and barriers for the development of community energy in both countries. The study focuses on renewable energy communities for heat, as the heating sector has been acknowledged as a crucial means for achieving the decarbonization aims of the EU, but which in

the research of communal energy has oftentimes been neglected in favor of the electricity sector. A literature review was conducted with a focus on facilitating factors for renewable energy communities, which were then analyzed and compared in the context of the two Member States’ support framework

s, as additional methodological approaches applied include expert interviews and a factsheet for country analysis.The findings indicate that the support framework for renewable energy communities in Bulgaria is non-existent, unlike the case of Germany, where the framework is well developed. The leve

l of financial support from the government and other institutions, as well as the internal economic situation of the countries and societal trust in and acceptance of community energy initiatives were found to be the key determinants for the support frameworks’ success.