Dark current的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列包括價格和評價等資訊懶人包

The Last Witch Craze: John Aubrey, the Royal Society and the Witches

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為了解決Dark current的問題，作者McAleavy, Tony 這樣論述：

A fascinating account of man of letters John Aubrey’s investigation into the witch craze in 17th century England and the remarkable witch trials The seventeenth-century writer John Aubrey had a dark secret. Publicly, he was a respectable figure and a leading member of the Royal Society, the pioneer

ing body that promoted experimental science. In private, Aubrey was an active wizard who used black magic rituals to summon demons and try to harness their power. Tony McAleavy has uncovered Aubrey’s secret manual of spells, hidden away for centuries in the Bodleian Library in Oxford. This contains

many charms intended for use in sex magic. Aubrey’s spells were intended to force women, against their wishes, to have sex.This important new study shines a light on a sinister and previously unknown aspect of Aubrey’s life and puts it into the wider context of scientific thinking in Restoration Bri

tain. Besides Aubrey, some other members of the Royal Society also believed in the authenticity of witchcraft. They included Robert Boyle, the greatest scientist of his generation. In 1658 Boyle created a sensation when he endorsed a book intended to prove the truth of witchcraft. While the Royal So

ciety had no official policy on the reality of magic, several influential members sought to reconcile belief in witchcraft with the latest findings from scientific research. Joseph Glanvill and Henry More wrote weighty texts explaining that demons and witches were real and could be explained scienti

fically. They defended the persecution and execution of women for witchcraft. The books of these learned men provided a rationale for the last lethal witch craze in England, Scotland and America. These works were read avidly in Massachusetts by those responsible for the infamous Salem witch trials o

f 1692.Aubrey himself was guilty of a terrible double standard; he had no apparent qualms about the judicial killing of poor women for witchcraft while he secretly practiced black magic. Tony McAleavy has a degree in History from the University of Oxford and was formerly schools history adviser fo

r Gloucestershire Local Education Authority. He has written many school textbooks on different history topics for Cambridge University Press, Harper-Collins and Hodder Education, and has also written extensively for English Heritage. He was for many years the academic editor of the Cambridge Univers

ity Press school history list and in his current role as research director of an education charity he writes and publishes frequently on the subject of education reform.

Dark current進入發燒排行的影片

用於染料敏化電池的無金屬有機染料之結構設計

為了解決Dark current的問題，作者吳杰畢 這樣論述：

摘要第三代光伏的染料敏化太陽能電池 (DSSC)的興起，造成在過去的三十年中被廣泛地探索，因為它們具有的獨特特性，例如成本低、製造工藝簡單、輕巧、柔韌性好、對環境友善，並且在弱光條件下，仍具備突破性的高效率。儘管， DSSCs 依然有許多須待優化的部分，但藉由光捕獲染料光敏劑的分子結構設計，在優化 DSSCs 性能參數方面扮演關鍵的作用。因此，尋找符合DSSC需求的光敏染料，是該研究領域的關鍵研究方向之一。本論文的最終目標是在標準日照和弱光條件下，尋找高效穩定的有機光敏染料。這項工作是藉由無金屬有機光敏劑的系統結構工程來完成的，針對分子結構設計與光電特性的關聯及DSSC的效能表現。在本論文中

，我們已經合成了各種新型光敏染料，並對這些無金屬有機光敏染料進行了逐步的結構修飾，例如在單個敏化染料中引入一對輔助受體，在 D-A-π-A 框架中引入龐大的芴基實體，並增加共平面性以及延伸喹喔啉染料主要框架的共軛。通過使用各種光譜、電化學和理論計算來研究這些光敏染料的結構性質，以符合它們在DSSC主要特徵之應用前景。最後，在本論文中，我們展示了一組無金屬有機光敏劑，其元件效率高，在標準太陽照射下的效率超過 9%，在 6000 lux 的弱光照下，效率超過 30%，這將是一個具有未來發展潛力的結構設計，可以在沒有共吸附劑的情況下實現高效率。

Black Adam Dark Age (New Edition)

為了解決Dark current的問題，作者Tomasi, Peter J. 這樣論述：

Peter J. Tomasi is a New York Times best-selling author known for his current work on Superman and previous projects Batman & Robin, Superman/Wonder Woman, Batman-Detective Comics, and Batman Arkham Knight, along with other commercially successful books such as Green Lantern Corps, Brightest Day, Em

erald Warriors and Nightwing. Over the course of his career with DC Comics--more than two decades of hit books--Peter served as a group editor, ushering in new eras for Batman, Green Lantern and the JSA along with special projects like Kingdom Come. Peter also is the author of the creator-owned book

s Light Brigade (Dark Horse) with artist Peter Snejbjerg, The Mighty (Dark Horse) with Keith Champagne and artists Peter Snejbjerg and Chris Samnee and the critically acclaimed horror/drama series House of Penance (Dark Horse) with artist Ian Bertram.

調控高分子給體二維共軛側鏈與設計共軛中心核與pi-架橋小分子受體結構與性質之系統性研究

為了解決Dark current的問題，作者陳重豪 這樣論述：

此研究中，我們通過引入具有（苯並二噻吩）-（噻吩）（噻吩）-四氫苯並惡二唑（BDTTBO）主鏈的新型供體-受體（D/A）共軛聚合物製備了用於有機光伏（OPV）的三元共混物。在BDTTBO單體中BDT供體單元上修飾不同的共軛側鏈聯噻吩 (BT)、苯並噻吩 (BzT) 和噻吩並噻吩 (TT)（記為 BDTTBO-BT、BDTTBO-BzT 和 BDTTBO-TT）。然後，我們將 BDTTBO-BT 或 BDTTBO-BzT 或 BDTTBO-TT 與聚（苯並二噻吩-氟噻吩並噻吩）（PTB7-TH）結合起來，以擴大太陽光譜的吸收並調整活性層中 PTB7-TH 和富勒烯的分子堆積，從而增加短路電流密

度。我們發現參入10%的BDTTBO-BT高分子以形成 PTB7-TH：BDTTBO-BT：PC71BM 形成三元共混物元件活性層可以將太陽能元件的功率轉換效率從 PTB7-TH 的二元共混物元件 9.0% 提高到 10.4%： PC71BM 轉換效率相對增長超過 15%。於第二部分，我們比較在BDTTBO單體中BDT供體單元上修飾硫原子或氯原子 取代和同時修飾硫原子和氯原子取代的側鏈聚合物供體與小分子受體光伏的功率轉換效率 (PCE) 的實驗結果與由監督產生的預測 PCE。使用隨機森林算法的機器學習 (ML) 模型。我們發現 ML 可以解釋原子變化的聚合物側鏈結構中的結構差異，因此對二元共混

系統中的 PCE 趨勢給出了合理的預測，提供了系統中的形態差異，例如分子堆積和取向被最小化。因此，活性層中分子取向和堆積導致的結構差異顯著影響 PCE 的預測值和實驗值之間的差異。我們通過改變其原始聚合物聚[苯並二噻吩-噻吩-苯並惡二唑] (PBDTTBO) 的側鏈結構合成了三種新的聚合物供體。同時修飾硫原子和氯原子取代的側鏈結構用於改變聚合物供體的相對取向和表面能，從而改變活性層的形態。 BDTSCl-TBO:IT-4F 器件的最高功率轉換效率 (PCE) 為 11.7%，與使用基於隨機森林算法的機器學習預測的 11.8% 的 PCE 一致。這項研究不僅提供了對新聚合物供體光伏性能的深入了解

，而且還提出了未明確納入機器學習算法的形態（堆積取向和表面能）的可能影響。於第三部分，為了理解下一代材料化學結構的設計規則提高有機光伏（OPV）性能。特別是在小分子受體的化學結構不僅決定了其互補光吸收的程度，還決定了與聚合物供體結合時本體異質結 (BHJ) 活性層的形態。通過正確選擇受體實現優化的OPV 元件性能。在本研究中，我們選擇了四種具有不同共軛核心的小分子受體——稠環核心茚二噻吩、二噻吩並茚並茚二噻吩（IDTT）、具有氧烷基-苯基取代的IDTT稠環核心、二噻吩並噻吩-吡咯並苯並噻二唑結構相同的端基，標記為 ID-4Cl、IT-4Cl、m-ITIC-OR-4Cl 和 Y7，與寬能帶高分子

PTQ10 形成二共混物元件。我們發現基於 Y7 受體的器件在所有二元混合物器件中表現出最好的光伏性能，功率轉換效率 (PCE) 達到 14.5%，與具有 10.0% 的 PCE 的 ID-4Cl 受體相比，可以提高 45%主要歸因於短路電流密度 (JSC) 和填充因子 (FF) 的增強，這是由於熔環核心區域中共軛和對稱梯型的增加，提供了更廣泛的光吸收，誘導面朝向並減小域尺寸。該研究揭示了核心結構單元在影響有源層形態和器件性能方面的重要性，並為設計新材料和優化器件提供了指導，這將有助於有機光伏技術的發展。最後，我們比較了具有 AD-A´-DA 結構的合成小分子受體——其中 A、A´ 和 D 分

別代表端基、核心和 π 價橋單元—它們與有機光伏聚合物 PM6 形成二共混物元件。 增加核苝四羧酸二亞胺 (PDI) 單元的數量並將它們與噻吩並噻吩 (TT) 或二噻吩吡咯 (DTP) π 橋單元共軛增強了分子內電荷轉移 (ICT) 並增加了有效共軛，從而改善了光吸收和分子包裝。 hPDI-DTP-IC2F的吸收係數具有最高值（8 X 104 cm-1），因為它具有最大程度的 ICT，遠大於 PDI-TT-IC2F、hPDI-TT-IC2F和 PDI-DTP-IC2F。 PM6:hPDI-DTP-IC2F 器件提供了 11.6% 的最高功率轉換效率 (PCE)；該值是 PM6:PDI-DTP-

IC2F (4.8%) 設備的兩倍多。從一個 PDI 核心到兩個 PDI 核心案例的器件 PCE 的大幅增加可歸因於兩個 PDI 核心案例具有 (i) 更強的 ICT，(ii) 正面分子堆積，提供更高的和更平衡的載波遷移率和 (iii) 比單 PDI 情況下的能量損失更小。因此，越來越多的 PDI 單元與適當的髮色團共軛以增強小分子受體中的 ICT 可以成為提高有機光伏效率的有效方法