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Wave and Current Power Generation

為了解決Wind turbines的問題，作者Lyatkher, Victor M. 這樣論述：

Victor M. Lyatkher, PhD, is a professor, engineer, and inventor. He was educated in Moscow and Leningrad and has developed and patented numerous processes and machines. These deal mainly with renewable energy sources such as tidal power, water turbines, and vertical axis wind turbines. He developed

a new method to forecast long-term variations in the Caspian Sea level and designed a new kind of low head turbine. Mr. Lyatkher has worked for over 35 years in the wind and hydro-power industry. He has received several prizes and awards for his accomplishments, including the Prize of the Council of

Ministers of the USSR, the Award of the Indian Society of Earthquake Technology, and five medals of the All-Union USSR Exhibition, gold, silver and bronze. He has published numerous books in English, Russian, and German, and he has over 80 patents to his credit. In addition, he invented the helical

turbine, patented in the USSR in 1983 and has authored over 200 technical articles.Ziaur Rahman is an inventor and an entrepreneur, recognized for his work in the fields of engineering, computer science and information technology. Though he is more known for his achievements in biometric software,

one of Ziaur’s areas of interest is turbine technology. Since 2015 Rahman has been working with Victor Lyatkher on orthogonal turbines, developing and improving their prototypes. He is also an owner of various patents in the field of turbine design. He graduated with First Class Honors in Electrical

and Electronics Engineering from the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. Ziaur holds an MBA degree from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.

Wind turbines進入發燒排行的影片

多軸⾶⾏器強化學習控制

為了解決Wind turbines的問題，作者畢楨煥 這樣論述：

本論⽂討論使⽤強化學習控制法則進⾏多旋翼無⼈機的⾶⾏控制。在控制⽅⾯，提出⼀種基於強化學習的低階控制器和兩種改進⽅法，使多旋翼控制器性能⽐⼀般強 化學習控制器具備更通⽤性以及強健性。本研究從四旋翼機構建模和模擬環境的構建 開始，基於神經網路的四軸⾶⾏器控制器經由強化學習演算法，產⽣⼀控制策略來調 節四旋翼⾶⾏器的⾶⾏。其中四旋翼機的環境狀態做為神經網路的輸⼊，⽽四個轉⼦ 的推⼒作為控制輸出。此四旋翼控制器可歸類為⼀⾮線性控器，並且只需透過定義⼀ 個損失函數來作為控制策略的最佳化⽬標，此提出的⽅法顯著簡化四旋翼控制器的設 計過程。為了驗證多旋翼控制策略的結果，本研究除了在系統模擬環境中對策略進

⾏ 訓練和驗證，也在實驗部分通過控制閉迴路結構將控制策略應⽤於真實的多旋翼⾶⾏ 器，本⽂將訓練好的強化學習控制策略實現於機載⾶⾏電腦，並且觀察與討論此控制 策略應⽤在現實世界中多旋翼⾶⾏器的可⾏性和⾶⾏表現。 針對強化學習控制器的通⽤性，本論⽂提出了⼀種多⽤途控制⽅法。通過修改神經網路的輸⼊和輸出，該⽅法可以克服強化學習控制器只適⽤於於特定模型以及特定 物理參數問題，解決耗時以及⾼成本控制器訓練。在強健性⽅⾯，本論⽂提出了⼀種 具有擾動補償的強化學習控制結構，以解決外部擾動下的四旋翼定位問題。所提出的 控制⽅案構建了⼀個⼲擾觀測器來估計施加在四旋翼三個軸上的外⼒，例如室外環境 中的陣⾵。通過在

神經網路控制引⼊⼲擾補償器，此⽅法顯著提⾼了室內和室外環境 中的定位精度和強健性。 本論⽂還提出⼀種實時軌跡規劃器，引⼊強化學習控制來解決⽋驅動四旋翼⾶⾏器垂直降落問題。四旋翼⾶⾏器的軌跡⽣成和追蹤⽅法分別利⽤了強化學習和傳統控 制器的優點。與傳統的最佳化求解器相⽐，通過訓練過的強化學習控制器只需更短的 時間即可⽣成可⾏的軌跡，並且結合傳統的軌跡追蹤控制器以利於四旋翼的控制並對 其穩定性和強健性進⾏數學分析。

Handbook of Wind Energy Aerodynamics

為了解決Wind turbines的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Bernhard Stoevesandt is heading the department Aerodynamics CFD and Stochastic Dynamics at the Fraunhofer Institute of Wind Energy and Energy System Technologies based in Oldenburg. He studied physics at the University of Bremen (Dipl. Phys., 2000). Afterwards he worked as a freelancer in the field

of x-ray lenses. In 2002 he joined the University of Oldenburg in the field of wind energy power forecasting. In 2004 he started his PhD at the university on turbulence in wind energy aerodynamics finishing in 2010. In 2011 he joined Fraunhofer to soon become the Head of the department.He has partic

ipated and continues to participate in the IEA Wind Task 29 and 31 projects focusing on wind fields and aerodynamics. A main interest of the work lies in the development of advanced techniques for aerodynamic and site simulations for wind turbines. The main developments have been in the field of num

erical flow simulations for wind turbines.Gerard Schepers graduated in 1986 at Delft University of Technology, Aerospace Technology. He then joined the department of Wind Energy at the Energy Research Center of the Netherlands, ECN in Petten the Netherlands where he worked as researcher but also as

coordinator of various national research projects, 7 joint European research projects and 4 joint mondial IEA research projects.Moreover he was Involved in various industry related projects and from December 2007-December 2009 he was part-time stationed at Suzlon Blade TechnologyHis specialisations

are Rotor Aerodynamics, Windfarm Aerodynamics, Aero-elasticity, Aero-acoustics, Wind Tunnel Testing, Wind Turbine Blade Design, cost optimization. In 2012 he compiled his 25 years experience on aerodynamic engineering model into a PhD thesis which was successfully defended at TUDelft. He is also inv

olved in various lecture series in Dutch and foreign universities and since 2012 he works part-time as professor wind energy at the University of Applied Sciences NHL, in Leeuwarden the Netherlands. He is author of more than 40 peer-reviewed scientific articles and more than 100 conference papers an

d technical reports and he was keynote speaker and chairman at almost all major wind energy conferences.Peter Fuglsang is Head of Blades in the Offshore Business Unit of Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy. He graduated in 1994 as Mechanical Engineer from Aalborg University, Denmark. From 1994 to 2004 h

e worked at Risø National Lab as a researcher in the fields of wind turbine aerodynamics, aeroelasticity, aeroacoustics, numerical optimization, cost modelling, wind tunnel testing and wind turbine blade design. He has been the project manager of National and European collaborative research projects

and involved in Consultancy in wind turbine blade design and wind tunnel testing, supervision of PhD students and teaching at the Technical University of Denmark. In 2004 he joined LM Wind Power A/S as Manager of the Aerodynamics Team doing wind turbine blade design, airfoil design, passive & activ

e flow control being responsible for strategy and innovation in area. He was responsible for establishing the LM Wind tunnel. In 2011 he joined Siemens Wind Power A/S and currently works as the Head of Department for Blades in the Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy business unit having the full respons

ibility for design, prototyping, certification and validation of new blades and upgrades for Siemens Gamesa wind turbines. He is a member of the board in DANSIS (Danish Society for Industrial Flow Mechanics) and he is an examiner in the Danish Engineering education system. He has been opponent for s

everal PhD defenses and has more than 10 peer-reviewed articles, numerous conference presentations and papers as well as more than 20 granted patents. Yuping Sun graduated in 1994 with a Ph.D. from University of British Columbia, specializing in turbulent flow and heat transfer simulation and testin

g. His main achievements include proof of convergence theorem for finite analytic method, developing fractional finite analytic method for Navier-Stokes solution, developing modified turbulence near wall model and then verified through simulation and testing for gas turbine blade film cooling. His w

ork in aerospace and wind energy includes business jet wing design optimization, wind turbine blade airfoil design optimization for efficiency and roughness insensitivity, and various wind turbine blade optimization theory and application. Over the years, he has published more than 10 journal papers

, many more conference papers and a few patents for wind turbines. He joined Vestas in 2009 as a principal engineer and led various projects involving wind turbine blade/airfoil aerodynamic design analysis. Currently he works at Envision as Chinese National Aerodynamic experts, recognized by Chinese

central government. In 2017, he was nominated as a candidate for AIAA associate fellow.

以實驗法及數值模擬交叉探討隧道火災逆煙層發展與其控制

為了解決Wind turbines的問題，作者王冠懿 這樣論述：

本研究以縮小尺度隧道實驗，並以電腦模擬建置相同縮小尺寸隧道進行探討。為達到較佳模擬結果，本研究導入特徵運算得出本次縮小隧道之網格尺寸為2 cm，全尺度隧道FDS模擬網格尺寸則為40 cm。環伺隧道火災相關研究，涉及實驗過程中各項參數之校正及驗證者相當缺乏，因此本研究除了找出可將煙流排出之臨界風速外，更著重探討實驗中的流場穩定性，將訂定設置的初始條件，確立一套實驗標準設置方法，可使實驗更精確，也較能得到與實際相符的結果。本研究最重要的設置為在實驗隧道前裝置一流體穩定箱，除可穩定進入隧道的流體品質外，最重要的是可以透過內裝的吸音海綿及特出結構，有效濾除鼓風機所產生的不穩定氣流，如此便可減

少流場與逆煙層之交互作用的影響變因。 本研究由設定尺寸為200 m*12 m*6 m之全尺度隧道，經縮小尺度公式計算得出縮小隧道尺寸為10 m*0.6 m*0.3 m，全尺度測試之標準油盤尺寸為250 cm（熱釋放率14,200 kW），而縮小實驗之油盤尺寸則為6 cm（熱釋放率7.96 kW）。為得知經計算後的縮小模擬結果是否與實際尺寸之臨界風速的差異性，實驗中主要以模擬法比對等比例縮小實驗之結果，以驗證加裝穩定箱後之實驗對於流場穩定性的提升，實際的觀測實驗利用雷射切面以觀測煙霧流場，所得到的結果比對理論臨界風速有高度相似性，可得知本研究所設置之穩定箱與對模擬實驗參數之調校的重要性，對

於往後的隧道實驗具有相當程度的指向性與貢獻。