Modulate的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列包括價格和評價等資訊懶人包

Instant Insights: Developing Immunity in Poultry

為了解決Modulate的問題，作者Pinard-Van Der Laan, Marie-Helene,Kaufman, J.,Psifidi, A. 這樣論述：

This collection features four peer-reviewed reviews on developing immunity in poultry.The first chapter discusses the advances in genetic, genomic and functional genomic studies of immune and disease resistance in chickens. The chapter reviews multi-trait selection experiments and considers the pote

ntial trade-offs between production and immunocompetence in response to disease. The second chapter reviews the importance of the gut microbiome in optimising animal health and reducing susceptibility to major diseases affecting poultry production. The chapter examines intestinal immunity, as well a

s the microbiota interactions which occur within the poultry immune system. The third chapter addresses the nutritional strategies which can be implemented to boost immune function in poultry. The chapter considers the process of nutritional modulation and reviews the use of vitamins, minerals and a

mino acids to enhance, suppress and balance poultry immune systems. The final chapter provides an overview of the avian defence system and its role in tackling some of the major pathogens affecting global poultry production, such as coccidiosis. The chapter reviews the various elements of the host d

efence system and considers how supplements can modulate the immune system and its responses to specific challenges.

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二維材料於邏輯元件與記憶體內運算應用

為了解決Modulate的問題，作者鍾昀晏 這樣論述：

半導體產業在過去半個世紀不斷地發展，塊材材料逐漸面臨電晶體微縮的物理極限，因此我們開始尋找替代方案。由於二維材料天生的原子級材料厚度與其可抑制短通道效應能力，被視為半導體產業極具未來發展性材料。此篇論文為研究二維材料二硫化鉬的N型通道元件之製作技術與其材料的特性與應用。首先，我們使用二階段硫化製程所製備的二硫化鉬沉積高介電材料並使用X-射線能譜儀（XPS）與光致發光譜（PL）進行分析，量測二硫化鉬與四種高介電材料的能帶對準，參考以往製程經驗，可結論二氧化鉿是有潛力介電層材料在二硫化鉬上，並作為我們後續元件的主要閘極介電層。接著使用二階段硫化法製作鈮（Nb）摻雜的二硫化鉬，Ｐ型的鈮摻雜可提升載

子摻雜濃度用以降低金半介面的接觸電阻，透過不同製程方式製作頂部接觸和邊緣接觸的兩種金半介面結構，傳輸線模型(TLM)分析顯示出，邊緣接觸結構比頂部接觸結構的接觸電阻率低了兩個數量級以上，並藉由數值疊代方式得知層間電阻率是導致頂部接觸結構有較高接觸電阻率主因，並指出邊緣接觸之金半介面在二維材料元件的潛在優勢。在電晶體研究上，我們使用化學氣相沉積（CVD）合成的二硫化鉬成功製作出單層Ｎ型通道元件，將此電晶體與記憶體元件相結合，用雙閘極結構將讀（read）與寫（write）分成上下兩個獨立控制的閘極，並輸入適當脈衝訊號以改變儲存在電荷儲存層的載子量，藉由本體效應（Body effect）獲得足夠大的

記憶區間（Memory window），可擁有高導電度比（GMAX/GMIN = 50）與低非線性度（Non-linearity= -0.8/-0.3）和非對稱性（Asymmetry = 0.5），展示出了二維材料在類神經突觸元件記憶體內運算應用上的可能性。除了與記憶體元件結合外，我們亦展示二維材料電晶體作為邏輯閘的應用，將需要至少兩個傳統矽基元件才可表現的邏輯閘特性，可於單一二維材料電晶體上展現出來，並在兩種邏輯閘（NAND/NOR）特性作切換，二維材料的可折疊特性亦具有潛力於電晶體密度提升。我們進一步使用電子束微影系統製作奈米等級短通道元件，首先使用金屬輔助化學氣相沉積 (Metal-as

sisted CVD)方式合成出高品質的二維材料二硫化鎢 (WS2)，並成功製作次臨界擺幅（Subthreshold Swing, S.S.）約為97 mV/dec.且高達106的電流開關比（ION/IOFF ratio）的40奈米通道長度二硫化鎢Ｐ型通道電晶體，其電特性與文獻上的二硫化鉬N型通道電晶體可說是相當，可作為互補式場效電晶體。另一方面，深入了解二維材料其材料特性後，可知在厚度縮薄仍可保持極高的機械強度，有潛力作為奈米片電晶體的通道材料。故於論文最後我們針對如何透過對元件製作優化提供了些許建議。

The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health-a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for My

為了解決Modulate的問題，作者 這樣論述：

This Special Issue gathers original studies (eight articles and one review) that aim to improve our knowledge concerning mycotoxin toxicity. The most recent research concerning the impact of zearalenone (ZEA) and the immune response is presented in a review that aims to explore the immunotoxicity pr

oduced by ZEA on different types of immune cells (phagocytes related to innate immunity and lymphocytes related to acquired immunity) as well as on immune organs, and also to identify the mechanism of action used by ZEA to modulate the immune response.The role of zearalenone in macrophage-mediated i

nnate immunity after bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was the subject of another study, suggesting that the intake of ZEA-contaminated food might result in decreasing innate immunity. Another important study related to the co-exposure to mycotoxins and other food/feed contaminants show

ed that combining patulin with cadmium induces enhanced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, while the exposure to both deoxynivalenol and porcine circovirus has an additive effect on inflammatory cytokines by inducing the mRNA expression of interleukine-1 beta (IL-1β) and in

terleukine-6 (IL-6).The use of feed compounds rich in bioactive constituents for mitigating the mycotoxins effects in swine was the subject of other three studies herein, which have shown the efficacy of antioxidants from dietary grapeseed and sea buckthorn meal waste to decrease the toxicity of a d

iet contaminated with aflatoxin B1 or both aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A at the level of organs involved in the metabolism and excretion (liver and kidney), as well as at the level of secondary lymphoid organs (mesenteric lymph nodes). The use of different models (cell co-culture model, rat model) a

re recommended by another two studies in order to evaluate the ochratoxin A toxicity or for better prediction of the mycotoxins risk for human cancer.

有限元素法模擬醫療元件周圍之細胞行為：以骨釘與水膠為例

為了解決Modulate的問題，作者鄭厚雍 這樣論述：

近年來，牙釘和水膠在臨床醫療上被廣泛地研究與討論，故本論文選擇這兩種醫療元件作為研究對象。(1) 牙釘：牙釘的幾何結構經研究證實會大幅地影響骨整合與骨癒合。然而，尋找一個具最佳幾何結構的牙釘是十分費時的。因此，本論文提出一套結合深度學習網路、細胞分化理論、隨機森林演算法與基因演算法的牙釘結構最佳化設計系統。其能夠在2.5秒內預測牙釘周圍的細胞分化情形，並基於螺紋間骨釘和骨頭的接觸長度以及骨頭長入的面積比來最佳化骨釘的骨癒合能力。經過基因演算法的多次迭代後，研究成功取得具優秀骨整合效率的最佳化牙釘，其結構的特色主要為牙釘中上段部分不具有明顯的螺紋結構。(2) 水膠：由於高生物相容性

、與天然細胞相似的材料性質，使得合成水膠被大量應用於組織工程中。但是水膠基板的外觀設計與受到之力學刺激會對其內部細胞的遷移行為有極大的影響，這使得水膠基板的細胞行為研究就顯得格外重要。本論文藉由有限元素軟體Abaqus探討水膠的拉伸應力、應變，以及觀察水膠局部區域的細胞移動行為。前者的研究成功呈現與實驗水膠基板相同的形變過程，並發現細胞的移動行為與水膠的應力分布有關。而後者的研究則利用Abaqus中的光滑粒子流體動力學模型，成功展現水膠中不同區域的細胞會有不同移動與聚散行為的現象。