Total Oil的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列包括價格和評價等資訊懶人包

Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment

為了解決Total Oil的問題，作者 這樣論述：

This reference work presents an authoritative review of microplastics as vectors of environmental contaminants and provides a comprehensive coverage of their ecotoxicological and toxicological effects. Divided into four sections, this book outlines the current analytical techniques and applications

for sampling, processing analysis, and data reporting of microplastics pollution in the environment, explores microplastics degradation and interaction with chemical pollutants, discusses the fate and behaviour of microplastics in the environment, and provides valuable insights about prevention, reg

ulation and remediation of microplastics pollution.Written by interdisciplinary expert academics and practitioners, this reference work will appeal to a wide readership of students, researchers and professionals interested in this field, including marine scientists, environmental scientists, analyti

cal chemists, organic chemists, biochemists, biologists, polymer scientists, and toxicologists. Teresa Rocha-Santos has graduated in Analytical Chemistry (1996), obtained a PhD in Chemistry (2000) and an Aggregation in Chemistry (2018), both at the University of Aveiro, Portugal. In 2001, she was

awarded with a prize for her PhD studies in the area of urban environment. She was an Assistant Professor at Instituto Piaget from 2000 to 2009. During the period of 2000 to 2009 she was the coordinator of environmental chemistry graduation course (5-year degree) at Instituto Piaget. She was also an

Associate Professor at Instituto Piaget (from 2009 to 2014) and the leader of the Research Unit on Exact and Bioecologic Sciences (from 2007 to 2014). Presently, she is a Principal Researcher at Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry of University of Aveiro (s

ince 2014) and the Coordinator of CESAM Environmental Contaminants Assessment and remediation laboratory (since 2018). Her research concentrates on the development of new analytical methodologies fit for purpose and on the study of emerging contaminants (such as microplastics) fate and behaviour in

the environment and during wastewater treatment. She published 135 scientific papers (Oct 2018). She is the editor of 7 Books. She is a member of the editorial board of Current Opinion in Environmental Science and Health, Elsevier (since 2017), Data in brief, Elsevier (since 2018), Science of the To

tal Environment, Elsevier (since 2018), Sensors, Mdpi (since 2018), Molecules, Mdpi (since 2018), Associate Editor of Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration, Springer (since 2016), and Guest Associate Editor of Frontiers in Chemistry (since 2018).​Monica Costa: BSc in Oceanography

(UERJ, 1988). MPhil in Analytical Chemistry / Marine Chemistry (PUC-Rio, 1991). PhD in Environmnetal Sciences (ENV-UEA Norwich UK, 1997). Full Professor in Chemical Oceanography and Marine Pollution at Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), where she is based since 1998. Teaching and research int

erests are: Chemical Oceanography and Marine Pollution. Also involved in reserach and formation of BSc, MPhil and PhD students in Intergated Coastal Zone Management and water quality; plastic marine debris; chemical contamination of water, sediments and biota at coastal and marine systems; aquatic t

oxicology; oil/tar pollution on beaches and; environmnetal education in coastal and marine issues, including collaborations with traditional populations. Catherine Mouneyrac is professor in marine ecotoxicology at the Université Catholique de l’Ouest (UCO, France). She teaches graduate and undergrad

uate courses in animal physiology, aquatic ecology and ecotoxicology. She gained her PhD from the University of Lyon I (France) in physiology of fish nutrition, and then a DSc in aquatic ecotoxicology from the University of Nantes (France). She is the Dean of the Faculty of Sciences and the head of

the emerging contaminants research team of the MMS (Sea, Molecules, Health) laboratory (UCO, University of Nantes, Le Mans University). Her general field research concerns the response of aquatic organisms to natural and chemical stress. She is actively involved in research to elucidate the mechanis

ms involved in potential toxicity by emerging contaminants (nanomaterials, endocrine disruptors, micro-nanoplastics) towards estuarine and marine organisms. At the interface of fundamental and applied research, she aims to fulfill the gap between ecological (bio indicators) and ecotoxicological (bio

markers) approaches, the final objective being to help environmental diagnosis. More precisely, she studies biomarker tools allowing extrapolating from suborganismal responses (biochemical biomarkers, energy reserves, reproduction processes) and organismal (biological indices, behavioural biomarkers

) to effects occurring at higher levels of biological organization (population). C. Mouneyrac has participated to the conception and realization of numerous national, European and international programmes. She has published more than 100 peer-reviewed papers and book chapters in the field of aquatic

ecotoxicology.She is referee for numerous international journals on environmental pollution. She is member of different research networks in environmental pollution assessment. Dr C. Mouneyrac is part of the Expert committee on the assessment of the risks related to physical agents, new technologie

s and development areas and the working group ＂Assessment of the risks associated with nanomaterials＂ at the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses). She has been selected as a senior decision-makers a to follow the national study course of the Institut des Hau

tes Etudes pour la Science et la Technologie whose supervision is the responsibility of the Ministries of Higher Education and Research and Education in France.

Total Oil進入發燒排行的影片

磁敏釋放控制微膠囊並應用於金屬離子螢光感測

為了解決Total Oil的問題，作者杜博瑋 這樣論述：

微膠囊化技術因其在材料科學中的結構和功能性提供眾多優點而近年來受到廣泛的 關注。超分子化學是一門關注分子間非共價鍵作用力的化學學科，從中延伸出了很多 重要的概念和研究方向，例如分子螢光光探針，其螢光特性由其自身的分子結構決定， 但也容易受到環境因素的影響。在該方向上，本論文進行了詳細的研究，解釋了微膠 囊化技術與超分子化學完美的平衡組合，使其具有更好的穩定性和新穎的應用。首先 我們導入超分子化學概念通過一鍋反應合成的芘基衍生物，2­((芘­1­亞甲基) 胺) 乙醇奈 米顆粒，和通過改質的磁性奈米顆粒用作觸發釋放元素通過雙乳化溶劑蒸發法包覆在 聚己內酯聚合物基質構建的微型膠囊中。用於檢測三價陽

離子的開關感測器通過新型 的螢光響應與磁場控制釋放機制被很好地整合在整個系統中，並且在外部震盪磁場下 可以有效地發生熱能與動能的轉換。(1) 通過一鍋法成功合成了具有聚集誘導光增強特性和三價陽離子感測能力的芘基衍 生物螢光探針。我們使用重結晶技術來提高該螢光探針化合物的純度，純度評估由螢 光光譜的半高寬的值確定。通過核磁共振光譜，紫外可見光光譜，螢光光譜和熱重分 析研究了選擇性螢光探針的特性。其聚集誘導光增強特性和對於三價陽離子 (鐵/鋁/鉻) 的選擇開關特性都表現完整且性能良好。在使用這種螢光探針作為核心材料被封裝在 微膠囊中之前，本節充分地研究了其基本特性，穩定的紫外可見光及螢光光譜的結果

是在溶劑 (乙腈) 和水 (100:900; 體積比) 的比例下進行的，強力的激發光在 505 nm，也 分別顯示出其對於三價鐵/鋁/鉻金屬陽離子優異的選擇性。(2) 為了成功通過外部震盪磁場觸發微膠囊的破裂，我們將利用共沉澱法合成並通過 檸檬酸修飾以達到避免團聚現象並提高其穩定性的磁性奈米顆粒嵌入聚合物基質中。 通過由動態光散射所測量到的粒徑分佈和界面電位以及掃描電子顯微鏡觀察到的圖 像，顯示出經過修飾的磁性奈米顆粒具有良好的分散特性和相對未修飾顆粒較小的粒 徑分佈。經過修飾的磁性奈米顆粒和選擇性熒光探針分子通過雙乳化結合溶劑蒸發法 成功封裝在微膠囊中，並通過光學顯微鏡，掃描電子顯微鏡，動

態光散射儀，熱重分i析儀，X 光散射儀，和核磁共振光譜儀對其表面形貌和特征進行了全面的研究。其結 果分別表明被修飾的磁性奈米顆粒和選擇性熒光探針確實有被微膠囊封裝在內，與此 同時，本節還深入討論了殼材料的高分子量的大小，雙乳化的內部水相濃度，以及在 分離微膠囊的離心過程中的離心速率的選擇，對合成微膠囊形貌以及包封效率的影響。 我們發現當聚合物外殼採用的分子量為 80,000 的聚己內酯時，所合成的微膠囊比其他 兩種較低分子量的顯示出更好的包覆效率和更加均勻的形狀，這主要是由於採用較高 分子量的高分子時，其油相在膠囊雙乳化狀態下的固化過程可以提供更好的穩定性。 此外，將溶解在乙腈中 10 mM

的熒光探針化合物作為內部水相的濃度與其他兩種濃度 (0.1 mM, 1 mM) 相比之下，也證明該濃度下所合成的微膠囊具有更好的均勻性和包覆 效率，因為較低濃度的內部水相會導致膠囊外殼內外滲透壓的不穩定。令人驚訝的是， 我們還發現在分離微膠囊的過程中，較高的離心速率會導致微膠囊的多孔性結構的產 生，這種現象可以通過調整較低的離心速率來消除。該策略同時也為未來開發新型多 孔性結構微膠囊的設計提供了一種新的途徑。在本節中，包覆了被修飾後的磁性奈米 顆粒和選擇性螢光探針的微膠囊的釋放行為和感測滴定分別以六十攝氏度的水浴加熱， 機械破壞，和超聲波粉碎的方式模擬其在磁場破裂的條件下進行，並且分別在不同狀

態下完美地測試了其結果。(3) 最後我們巧妙地設計了通過使用外部震盪磁場的方式來觸發芘基席夫鹼螢光 探針在微膠囊中的新型磁感應釋放機制。為了控制膠囊外殼的破裂，分散在乙腈/水 (900:100; 體積比) 中新合成的磁敏微膠囊通過直接感應加熱暴露在高頻磁場下。這些微 膠囊被成功觸發破裂釋放出所包覆的選擇性螢光探針，表現出優異的聚集誘導光增強 特性，和良好的選擇性開關螢光信號用於檢測三價金屬陽離子 (鐵/鋁/鉻)。被釋放的螢 光探針的檢測極限為:2.8602 × 10−6 M (三價鋁離子), 1.5744 × 10−6 M (三價鉻離子)，和 1.8988 × 10−6 M (三價鐵離子)。

該感測器平台也表現出優異的精確度和再現性，如變 異係數所示 (三價鐵離子 ≤ 2.79%, 三價鉻離子 ≤ 2.79%, 三價鋁離子 ≤ 3.76%)，各金屬離 子的回收率分別為:96.5­98.7% (三價鐵離子), 96.7­99.4% (三價鉻離子), 和 94.7­98.9% (三價鋁離子)。以上結果也充分說明了本文所述的控制釋放平台對於三價金屬陽離子 (鐵/鋁/鉻) 活性和實際樣品中的偵測，在未來環境監測甚至生物醫學方面的應用有一定 的價值和潛力。

Atlas of Iran’’s Geology and Mineral Distribution: With Maps on Scale 1:250.000

為了解決Total Oil的問題，作者Korehie, M. T.,Ardebili, Omid,Dadashzadeh Ahari, Homan 這樣論述：

This atlas presents five layers of information covering each (sub-) district of Iran, from Abadan to Zanjan: a geological map and report, a fault map and report, an airborne magnetic map, a satellite photo-map, and a map of the mineral distribution. In this Atlas, the Geological Survey of Iran has p

ut together five informative layers providing a comprehensive view on the geology and mineral resources and reserves of the country. The atlas was published on occasion of the 50th anniversary of the establishment of the Geological Survey of Iran (GSI). The economic flourishing of a country depends

among others on infrastructural activities and on basic geographical and geological information. Civil engineering projects such as constructing huge structures (dam, power station, highway...) exploring and extracting minerals, reaching to underground water reservoirs, and the recognition and reduc

tion of damages resulting from natural hazards directly or indirectly rely on geological information. In view of the present needs in long term planning and the important role that earth sciences play in this respect, it is necessary that scientists and stakeholders are provided with the latest info

rmation available.1. Geological maps and reports: the previously available set of geological maps of Iran have been extended by almost 15.000 km2 in this volume. Each map with a scale of 1:250.000 covers an area of one degree latitude and 1.5 degrees longitude; the entire country area is covered by

134 sheets of maps. Of these 134 maps, nineteen oil-rich areas have been mapped by a national oil company, while the remaining 115 sheets have been created by the Geological Survey of Iran. Each map comes with a detailed report of the geological history and all processes which occurred since 540 mil

lion years ago in the studied area. Information include tectonics, mineral deposits, seismicity, and engineering instabilities and enable the user of the atlas to understand the geology in the area and thus to plan and perform related research, engineering, and disaster mitigation projects. 2. Fault

maps with individual reports describe tectonic dynamics and structural results all detail.3. Airborne magnetic maps show the total intensity of magnetic fields and lineaments and airborne magnetic masses between 1974-1977, according to GSI requirements; two steps of obtaining magneto-metric data we

re performed which cover the main part of Iran except sedimentary basins in the south and south west. 4. Satellite photo-maps. The Landsat satellite is the first satellite for geo-resources information which was designed and entered into orbit by the American Organization of Aviation and Space Trave

lling in 1972 and was presented with second and the third generations. 5. Mineral distribution This Atlas is put together by a group of eight authors from the Geological Survey of Iran.

開發米與幾丁質減積製程並提升酵素降解速率

為了解決Total Oil的問題，作者陳衍齊 這樣論述：

米與幾丁質經酵素降解可得葡萄糖及N-Acetyglucosamine(GlcNAc)，在醫療技術上及營養層面皆展現非比尋常的價值，而粒子微小化可幫助其降解速率增加。本研究將米與幾丁質兩種生質原料經由兩階段磨碎，得到所需粒徑尺寸，並驗證其酵素反應的提升。於不同的機台進行物料尺寸的微小化時，物料的物化特性或是機台本身的參數設定都會影響機台將物料尺寸微小化的效率。於第一階段乾式切削時，由實驗設計及反應曲面法求得米在含水率 1.2 %、切削轉速17918 rpm及切削時間3 min時為最佳化操作參數；幾丁質在含水率5.5 %、切削轉速17837 rpm及切削時間6.4 min時為最佳操作參數。於第二

階段濕式研磨時，第一段以研磨轉速1400 rpm、研磨間距50 µm 及研磨時間1.5 hr，第二段以研磨轉速1400 rpm、研磨間距30 µm 及研磨時間4 hr 為最佳操參數，其平均粒徑達5.1 µm ；幾丁質於研磨轉速1400 rpm、研磨間距5 µm及研磨時間12 hr時為最佳操作參數，其平均粒徑達22.1 µm。另外於酵素反應下檢測反應速率變化，由Michaelis-Menten動力學方程式得知，在最佳操作參數下觀察米的粉體研磨情形，V_max提升11.5倍，於長時間反應下轉化率提升36倍；在最佳操作參數下觀察幾丁質粉體研磨情形，V_max提升26.1倍，於長時間反應下轉化率提升3

2.2倍。