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Updating Insecticide Resistance Status of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

為了解決ZIM tracking的問題，作者RAMDAN ZULFA 這樣論述：

Mosquito-borne disease cause severe illness and is a health concern worldwide. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are two important vectors that transmit several major mosquito-borne diseases including dengue, chikungunya, and zika. Currently, no effective treatment or vaccines to combat

these pathogens are under development. In addition to environmental management, insecticide spray is an important approach to controlling vector abundance and disease transmission. However, this insecticide is facing overuse problems, which causes insecticide resistance and requires monitoring care

fully. We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of insecticide resistance in Asia from 2000 to 2021. Four databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EbscoHost, and Embase, were used to enhance the search capability. The random effect model was applied in the 94 studies that met our inclusion cri

teria for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. In this study, four major insecticide types were analyzed (malathion, DDT, permethrin, and deltamethrin). DDT was recorded as the most prevalent insecticides types for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, at 68%, and 64% respectively. Malathion resi

stance is less prevalent in Ae. aegypti (3%) and Deltamethrin resistance less prevalence in Ae. albopictus (2%). Ae. aegypti demonstrated steady high resistance (35%) throughout the study period. Insecticide resistance for Ae. albopictus increased from 5% to 12%. F1534C, V1016G, and S989P are the ma

in kdr mutations for Ae. aegypti resistance in Asia, with prevalences of 29%, 26%, and 22% respectively. The distribution of insecticide resistance occurrence in both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are widespread in Asia region and vary by country. Continuous monitoring of resistance status and modi

fy control strategies will help prevent unexpected outbreaks. This systematic review and meta-analysis also provided current information on insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Asian countries.

台灣原生或本地植物做為農田綠籬之可行性評估

為了解決ZIM tracking的問題，作者朱衍臻 這樣論述：

綠籬(hedgerow or hedge)，又稱田籬，是指由人為在耕地邊緣或農路兩側將各種樹木或灌木以條狀且成排的方式種植，包括其植冠下方之草本植物所組成之帶狀植物群，用以劃分農田邊界及圈養牲畜。綠籬在自然環境保育、生物多樣性之復育以及鄉村休閒景觀等方面皆可做為轉型至生態系統服務型農業最好的載體與指標。本研究挑選19種台灣原生或本地種灌木，種植於國立台灣大學農業試驗場水稻田周圍，觀察並記錄其生長狀況、外觀型態以及開花期等性狀，用以評估是否適合作為農田綠籬；同時於其中挑選六種植株木質化程度較發達之樹種種植於單筒滲漏計中進行試驗，透過植株之生物量及土壤有機碳含量評估各樹種碳封存之能力；另外，將1

9種灌木之地上部萃取液進行發芽試驗，以評估各植物中是否具有相剋物質。經過1年之田間觀察結果顯示，各植物之植冠高度隨著時間的推移而增長，但部分植物之生長速度受到季節影響，且植株於冬季之生長速度及生長勢普遍優於夏季，大部分植物花期皆集中於1-6月，且花期多持續2-3個月；僅少數植物其花期在夏季或冬季。各植物之土壤有機碳量含量並未相差太多，多在28 g kg -1上下，土壤有機碳於各土層中之含量皆大致呈現由上層表土往下層底土遞減之趨勢，大部分10 cm土層之有機碳含量皆顯著高於其他土層，各植物每年每株可固定之CO2介於0.19-0.56 kg之間，以每平方公尺15株之種植密度換算，每年可固定28.5

-84.0 t CO2 ha-1。19種植物之不同濃度地上部萃取液在發芽試驗中種子之生長並無明顯隨著萃取液濃度之增加而被抑制，各植物萃取液中總酚含量之高低與種子發芽試驗中之各參數並無絕對之關聯性。期望透過本試驗挑選出符合台灣農田環境且耕作便利之綠籬樹種，增加農民種植意願，以期達到友善耕作，推廣生態農業之目標。