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Oxford Textbook of Palliative Care for Children

為了解決patch醫學的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Richard Hain, Clinical Lead, Welsh Paediatric Palliative Medicine Managed Clinical Network; Visiting Professor, University of Glamorgan; and Honorary Senior Lecturer, Bangor University, Wales, UK, Adam Rapoport, Medical Director, Paediatric Advanced Care Team (PACT), The Hospital for Sick Children(S

ickKids), Canada, Michelle Meiring, Course Convenor, Division of Palliative Medicine, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Capetown, South Africa, Ann Goldman, Paediatrician and Palliative Care Specialist, London, UKRichard Hain is a Consultant and Clinical Lead in Paediatric P

alliative Medicine in Wales. His clinical post is based at the Children’s Hospital in Cardiff and he provides an all Wales specialist service via a managed clinical network. He also provides a secondary service for patients in Cardiff and the Vale University Health Board. Richard’s academic backgrou

nd is varied and includes postgraduate degrees in pharmacology, professional education, and ethics and theology. He has co-authored over fifty research and review articles, four books on children’s palliative medicine and a large number of book chapters. His primary research interest is in the princ

iples and practice of paediatric palliative medicine, and he is increasingly focusing on clinical ethics in children at the end of life. He is honorary Professor in the College of Human and Health Sciences at Swansea University. Adam Rapoport is a general paediatrician with a Masters in bioethics. I

n 2009, Adam joined the Temmy Latner Centre for Palliative Care at Mount Sinai Hospital as their pediatric consultant. In July 2011, he became the first Medical Director of the Paediatric Advanced Care Team (PACT), the palliative care service at SickKids. PACT provides both inpatient and outpatient

palliative care to children with life-threatening illnesses, and their families, including grief and bereavement support. In 2013, Adam became Medical Director at Toronto’s first paediatric residential hospice - Emily’s House. Adam’s academic work focuses on the intersection of his three primary int

erests’ paediatrics, palliative care, and ethics. Michelle Meiring is the founding director of Paedspal and a Paediatric Palliative Care Consultant. She has over 13 years experience in paediatric palliative care and in the NGO sector. Her task at Paedspal is to provide management oversight and clini

cal leadership. Michelle is a senior lecturer in Palliative Medicine at UCT, South Africa where she convenes the paediatric elective for the Postgraduate Diploma at UCT and is also the chairperson of PATCH-SA (a national paediatric palliative care network). Ann Goldman is a paediatrician and is Vice

President of Together for Short Lives. Ann was the first ever consultant in paediatric palliative care and, in 1986, established the Symptom Care Team at Great Ormond Street Children’s Hospital, which was the first multi-disciplinary paediatric palliative care team. Ann has worked in clinical care

for the children and their families, research and teaching, and has been at the vanguard of the development of palliative care services for children nationally and internationally. In 2004, she was awarded The Children’s Hospice International Outstanding Leadership award. Ann was presented with the

Vittorio Ventafridda Award at the Maruzza Foundation Rome Conference in November 2014. The award recognizes Ann’s dedication and expertise in children’s palliative care, both professionally and in her academic career.

Pluripotent Stem-Cell Derived Cardiomycytes

為了解決patch醫學的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Part I: Overview1. Making Cardiomyocytes from Pluripotent Stem Cells Peter Karaginius and Yoshinori Yoshida Part II: Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes and Cardiac Tissues2. A method for Large-Scale Cardiac Differentiation, Purification, and Cardiac Spheroid Production of

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Yuika Morita, Shugo Tohyama, Jun Fujita, and Keiichi Fukuda3. Large-scale Differentiation of Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes by Stirring-Type Suspension Culture Nagako Sougawa, Shigeru Miyagawa, and Yoshiki Sawa 4. Efficient Method to Dissociate Induced Pluripot

ent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocyte Aggregates into Single Cells Emiko Ito, Shigeru Miyagawa, Yoshinori Yoshida, and Yoshiki Sawa5. Isolation of Cardiomyocytes Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells using miRNA switches Kenji Miki, Hirohide Saito, and Yoshinori Yoshida6. Fabrication of Cardiac Co

nstructs using bio-3D Printer Kenichi Arai, Daiki Murata, Shoko Takao, and Koichi Nakayama7. Fabrication of Thick and Anisotropic Cardiac Tissue on Nanofibrous Substrate for Repairing Infarcted Myocardium Junjun Li, Li Liu, Itsunari Minami, Shigeru Miyagawa, and Yoshiki Sawa 8. Construction of Three

-Dimensional Cardiac Tissues Using Layer by Layer Method Maki Takeda, Shigeru Miyagawa, Mitsuru Akashi, and Yoshiki Sawa9. Generation of Cylindrical Engineered Cardiac Tissues from human iPS Cell-derived Cardiovascular Cell Lineages Hidetoshi MasumotoPart III: Physiological Mesurements using Pluripo

tent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes 10. Protocol for Morphological and Functional Phenotype Analysis of hiPS-derived Cardiomyocytes Jun LI and Jong-Kook LEE11. Application of FluoVolt Membrane Potential Dye for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiac Single Cells and Monolayers Differentiate

d via Embryoid Bodies Tadashi Takaki and Yoshinori Yoshida12. Multi-Electrode Array Assays Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Daisuke Yoshinaga, Yimin Wuriyanghai, and Takeru Makiyama13. Electrophysiological Analysis of hiPSC-derived Cardiomyocytes Using a Patch-Clamp T

echnique Yuta Yamamoto, Sayako Hirose, Yimin Wuriyanghai, Daisuke Yoshinaga, and Takeru Makiyama14. Characterization of Ventricular and Atrial Cardiomyocyte Subtypes from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Misato Koakutsu, Tadashi Takaki, Kenji Miki, and Yoshinori Yoshida15. Assessment of Contract

ility in Human iPS Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Using Motion Vector Analysis Yasunari Kanda, Ayano Satsuka, Sayo Hayashi, Mihoko Hagiwara-Nagasawa, and Atsushi Sugiyama16. Contractile Force Measurement of Engineered Cardiac Tissues Derived from Human iPS Cells Daisuke Sasaki, Katsuhisa Matsuura, and

Tatsuya Shimizu17. A Method for Contraction Force Measurement of iPSC Derived Engineered Cardiac TissuesYuya Fujiwara, Kohe...

解析下視丘投射至海馬回突觸中共同傳遞麩胺酸及-氨基丁酸的功能意義

為了解決patch醫學的問題，作者伊木夏 這樣論述：

中文摘要海馬回為負責認知及情緒功能的關鍵腦區。齒狀回為海馬回次核區中的第一個訊號處理器其會接受來自大腦皮質及皮質下核區傳來的訊號。其中，大腦皮質至海馬回路徑會在記憶獲得及提取時傳遞記憶相關的訊息；然而，來自皮質下的訊號參與了調控皮質及海馬回間的訊息溝通。下視丘乳頭上核藉由共同釋放兩種截然不同的快速神經傳遞物質，也就是麩胺酸及-氨基丁酸，來實質上的支配齒狀回活性，因而能協助空間定位及空間記憶的形成。然而乳頭上核中神經元是藉由何種突觸機制來調控齒狀回活性及其突觸可塑性尚未被釐清。齒狀回由興奮性的顆粒細胞及抑制性的中間神經元所組成。在這本論文中，我用光遺傳學、電生理及藥理學的方法，證明來自乳頭上

核的訊號會透過不同的突觸機制差異性地調控齒狀回中不同種細胞的活性。選擇性活化乳頭上核會在所有的突觸後神經元產生突觸興奮及突觸抑制作用，然而這兩種作用的比例是會依突觸後細胞種類的不同而改變的。具體來說，樹突抑制型中間神經元主要接收突觸興奮作用，然而體抑制型中間神經元及顆粒細胞則主要接收突觸抑制訊號。雖然單獨活化乳頭上核並不足以興奮顆粒細胞，但是在有興奮性驅動力的情況下，活化乳頭上核可使顆粒細胞產生動作電位的時間更精準並縮短其產生動作電位所需的時間。此外，在有皮質訊號輸入時活化乳頭上核會增加顆粒細胞動作電位的產生，進而促使皮質到顆粒細胞突觸間的長期增強作用。總結來說，這些發現顯示了乳頭上核共同傳遞

的麩胺酸及-氨基丁酸對於維持齒狀回中興奮/抑制的動態平衡是有貢獻的，並且能透過提升皮質到顆粒細胞突觸間的長期增強作用來幫助記憶的編碼。