Carbon emission data的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列包括價格和評價等資訊懶人包

Climate Change and Future Rice Production in India: A Cross Country Study of Major Rice Growing States of India

為了解決Carbon emission data的問題，作者Palanisami, K.,Kakumanu, Krishna Reddy,Nagothu, Udaya Sekhar 這樣論述：

This book explains in depth the issues and challenges faced by rice farmers in India in relation to production and productivity, and the possible adaptation strategies to climate change. Based on five years of groundbreaking research on emerging trends in cultivation in major rice growing regions

in India, it begins by describing production and yield trends across different rice growing regions. It then offers a comprehensive review of relevant literature and the quantification methodologies and approaches used to analyze the impact of climate change. The book also analyzes climate change i

mpacts on rice productivity and production, applying field-tested quantification methods, such as the Just-Pope production function where time series and cross-section data are simultaneously used for all regions. The results are presented for five geographical regions of India - northern, eastern,

western, central and southern - for better comparison and readability. The analyses cover scenarios for both mid-century (2021-2050) and end-century (2071-2100), and in the context of climate change, they also incorporate both medium and high carbon emission scenarios. Thus the future rice productio

n and productivity trends are clearly projected for making necessary interventions. Lastly, the book outlines the essentials of an enabling environment policy and discusses the institutional and policy options necessary to ensure sustainable rice production in India. It also makes the case for intro

ducing appropriate and affordable adaptation strategies to support farmers in different rice-growing regions.The cost-benefit analysis of strategies presented in this book provides an invaluable tool for officials at agriculture departments planning up-scaling of agricultural productivity. The proje

ctions are also useful for policy makers and planners developing future investment plans to support rice production in their country. Overall, this book is of interest to a wide audience, including professionals and business enterprises dealing with rice, as well as to academic researchers and stude

nts.

High-Mountain Atmospheric Research: The Italian Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW Global Station (2165 m a.s.l.)

為了解決Carbon emission data的問題，作者Cristofanelli, Paolo/ Brattich, Erika/ Decesari, Stefano/ Landi, 這樣論述：

Paolo Cristofanelli, researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) of the Italian National Research Council of Research (CNR), is head of the Climate Observatory ＂O. Vittori＂ ) at Mt. Cimone (2165 m a.s.l., Italy), one of the 31 global stations belonging to the Global Atmosp

here Watch (GAW) programme by WMO and PI of investigation programmes on reactive gases at the WMO/GAW regional station of Capo Granitola (Italy). Currently, in the framework of ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System) European Research Infrastructure, he is PI for observations of CO2 and CH4 at M

t. Cimone. He is also working within the EU Project ACTRIS-2 (Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure Network). He is involved on research about detection and attribution of atmospheric composition variability (trace gases and aerosol) with a special emphasis on climate-altering an

d pollutant compounds (i.e. SLCF/P and well mixed greenhouse gases). Paolo Cristofanelli has more than 10 year experience in educational and outreaching activities by project related to primary and secondary schools, popularization events, seminars, public events and scientific outreaching by web. H

e is authors or co-authors in more than 55 peer-reviewed papers.Davide Putero was born in 1987 in Turin, Italy. He graduated with honors in Physics (M.Sc.) at University of Turin in 2012. Since 2012, he has been working as a research fellow at CNR-ISAC in Bologna, Italy. He is currently a Ph.D. cand

idate in Geophysics at University of Bologna. His activity is focused on the investigation of the processes that modulate the atmospheric composition variability (short-lived climate forcers/pollutants, such as black carbon and ozone) at high-altitude remote regions (Himalayas and the Italian Apenni

nes) and urban sites (e.g., Kathmandu, Nepal). In 2015, he has been a visiting researcher at the group of atmospheric dynamics at IAC-ETH in Zurich, Switzerland. At present, he is co-author of 6 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals and one book chapter.Erika Brattich is an assistant research

fellow at the Department of Chemistry ＂G. Ciamician＂ of the University of Bologna since 2014. She graduated in Physics (M.Sc) at University of Bologna in 2010 and obtained the PhD degree in Earth Sciences at the University of Bologna in 2014. Her research activity focuses on the application of recep

tor modeling techniques based on large databases of chemical composition as well as on back-trajectories tools and the contemporary use of radioactive tracers to gain insights into the identification and quantification of particulate matter sources. These techniques have been successfully applied bo

th in base research projects as well as on technical consultancies in the field of environmental forensics. In 2013 and 2016 she has been visiting researcher at the National Institute of Aerospace (Hampton, Virginia, USA; Dr. Hongyu Liu) to conduct research on atmospheric radionuclides seasonal and

interannual variabilities using the GMI Chemistry and Transport model output. She was also visiting PhD student at the SCOLAb group (Applied Physics) at the University of Elche (Spain; Prof. José Antonio Garcia Orza) to establish links between atmospheric composition, large scale dynamics and atmosp

heric radioactivity. She is currently actively collaborating in the FRESA (＂Impacto de las intrusions de masas de aire con polvo aFRicano y de masas de aire EStratosférico en la Península Iberíca. Influencia de El Atlas＂) Spanish National project (PI: Prof. José Antonio Garcia Orza, University of El

che, Spain), which aims to study the interaction between upper level disturbances and the Atlas Mountains in promoting low level instability and cyclone formation in the lee of the Atlas mountains. At present, she is co-author of 16 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals.Laura Tositti is associ

ated professor of Environmental Chemistry at the University of Bologna (Italy). Her research focuses on the chemistry and radioactivity of atmospheric aerosols with the aim of apportioning their sources based on both experimental and modelling tools. In this framework, L. Tositti is responsible of s

everal monitoring projects in both highly anthropized and remote sites, ranging from the Po valley to WMO-GAW ＂O. Vittori Station＂ at Monte Cimone (Italy). The common thread is the conjunct use of stable chemistry and radioactivity to successfully trace the origin and fate of airborne particulate. T

he activity at Monte Cimone has been conducted for more than twelve years in close collaboration with ISAC-CNR with the initial aim to support the study of stratosphere-to- troposphere exchange (STE) using airborne radiotracers. This niche approach was successfully applied in several EU projects foc

used on STE, but opened up to several other studies some of which still on-going, such as the apportionment of large scale sources of PM10 in the core of the Mediterranean area as well as the testing of circulation modeling using aerosol radiotracers in collaboration with NASA, without neglecting th

e characterization of Fukushima plume in the European airshed in 2011. Monte Cimone experience allowed also the early introduction of PM10 sampling in the mid 90’s, when this metric was not yet popular in the European atmospheric research, setting the basis for the following development of her resea

rch topics. L. Tositti has been principal investigator in a number of projects in collaboration with the Environmental Protection Agency of Emilia Romagna aimed at apportioning aerosol sources in the Po Valley, one of the most polluted areas in Europe. In recent years she is largely involved as a co

nsultant and principal investigator in source apportionment studies in the field of environmental forensics on behalf of several Italian courts. She authored more than 80 publications in peer-reviewed journals, reports for the local environmental agencies and attorneys and conference presentations.

The research of Prof. Michela Maione focuses on the changing composition of the atmosphere, and in particular on the atmospheric budget of ozone depleting and climate altering gases based on long--term observations. In this frame, M. Maione is responsible of monitoring programmes in remote and semi-

remote sites, such as the WMO-GAW O. Vittori Station on Monte Cimone (Italy), the WMO-GAW NCO-P Station in the Himalayan Range (Nepal) and Dome C Station (Antarctica). The activity at Monte Cimone is conducted in collaboration with the AGAGE network, of which Monte Cimone is an affiliated station. A

lthough the instrumentation used for halocarbon measurements is not the same as used at the other AGAGE stations, measurements are linked to the AGAGE calibration scale and the same calibration protocol as the AGAG E stations is used. The research covers a wide range of compounds, including all the

Montreal Gases (CFCs, Halons, HCFCs, CH3Br, CH3CCl3), several Kyoto gases (HFCs, PFCs, SF6, CH4, N2O), short-lived brominated species (CH2Br2, CHBr3), chlorinated solvents, CO, COS, SO2F2, and anthropogenic NMHCs. These studies have been conducted in the frame of several National and International p

rojects in which M. Maione has been involved acting as Principal Investigator of the research unit. Moreover, from 2004 to 2009 M. Maione has been in charge for the scientific secretariat of the European Network of Excellence ACCENT, involving 42 European partners and 123 associated partners, dealin

g with research activities concerning the role of atmospheric composition changes in climate change and air quality. Such activity is now conducted in the frame of a EU funded Coordinated Action, ACCENT Plus, funded by the EU-FP7. M. Maione participated in four scientific expeditions to Antarctica a

nd in two scientific expeditions to the Arctic. She authored ca 80 publications in peer-reviewed journals and a number of book chapters and conference presentations. She is co-editor of the Atmospheric Environment Special Issue ＂Atmospheric Composition Change＂ (Atmos Environ, 43, 2009).Dr. Stefano D

ecesari is researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) of CNR. Aged 44, he is author or co-author of 92 peer-reviewed publications (H-Index = 41). He is a specialist of atmospheric particulate matter chemical composition, and he developed original analytical methodologies

for organic aerosol characterization. He took part to 10 EU research projects, other three international and two national (Italian) ones. He coordinated three intensive field experiment involving about 40 foreign research groups in the frame of the EC projects EUCAARI and PEGASOS. He has coordinated

one EU project, ＂Himalayan Brown Carbon＂ (FP7 MSC IEF) dealing with light-absorbing aerosols in the high Himalayan environment. On 2014 he won the Haagen-Smit Prize for co-authorship of the paper ＂European aerosol phenomenology-2: chemical characteristics of particulate matter at kerbside, urban, r

ural and background sites in Europe＂ published on Atmospheric Environment. At present, he is coordinator of the project ＂IPA-BC/Monitor＂ (POR-FESR, Emilia-Romagna, 1 M ).Tony Christian;mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin＂> Landi got th

e PhD in Physics on 2012 at the Center of Excellence for the forecast of Severe Weather (CETEMPS) - University of L’Aquila. On 2006, he got the Master Degree in Environmental Sciences (summa cum laude) at University of Naples ＂Parthenope＂. His thesis was recipient of the 2006 Best Remote Sensing The

sis Award by the IEEE GRS South Italy Chapter. His main research interests are focused on atmospheric chemistry with a particular emphasis in the understanding of the processes that control the atmospheric budgets of aerosols and gases that play a key role in the context of global climate change and

in regional air quality. He is an expert on 3-D computer models of atmospheric processes that affect chemical species and analysis of data from both in-situ and remote- sensing instruments. Tony Christian Landi is author or co-author of 16 scientific peer-reviewed papers. He is author of Italian Pa

tent n.0001384527 entitled A method for the detection of electromagnetic spectral signature during wild land fires, based on emission from trace elements in biomass tissues.Dr. Paolo Bonasoni is a senior research at the CNR-ISAC responsible of Climate Hot-Spot research department, and former head of

the research infrastructures: Climate Observatory ＂O. Vittori＂ at Mount Cimone and Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid (two GAW-WMO global stations). Main scientific interests: physical and chemical processes of ozone and other atmospheric compounds in remote mountain regions and in background condit

ions; climate change in mountain regions; environmental technologies for climate observations in mountain and remote areas. Principal investigator in several international projects (VOTALP I & II, MINATROC, STACCATO, EUSAAR, ACCENT, POLPO, SHARE...). Paolo Bonasoni was recently chair of the PON ＂Hig

h Technology Infrastructure for Integrated Climate and Environmental Monitoring＂ (I-AMICA) and author or co-author more than 80 papers in the peer-reviewed literature.

應用多準則決策與模糊積分探討國道客運服務品質

為了解決Carbon emission data的問題，作者黃裕倉 這樣論述：

搭乘大眾客運能有效地減少都市交通阻塞及汙染問題，提升客運業者服務品質有助於提高民眾的搭乘意願。過去已有許多相關的研究探討客運服務品質，採用服務品質指標（SQI）結合結構方程模型（SEM）等統計方法，或是使用多準則決策分析方法，但是假設準則間是相互獨立關係。但是從現實社會中來看，許多在不同構面下的評估準則與準則之間可能會存在相互影響關係，以及準則之間的非加法關係，因此本研究將提出一個非加法模型考慮準則間的相互影響，探討大眾客運服務品質。本研究採用計算權重的最佳最差方法（Best Worst Method, BWM），可減少準則之間的比較次數，評估每項服務品質的準則所占整體的權重。再透過模糊積分

（Fuzzy integral）考量評估準則之間的非相加性進行績效整合，並以理想解類似度順序偏好法（Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution, TOPSIS）對客運業者的優劣進行排序，並提供管理者改善策略，以有效提升服務品質。本研究以三家台北-宜蘭國道客運公司作為研究對象，研究結果並將與傳統加法行進行比較，探討兩種模型研究結果並提出研究結論。